Dietary selenium supplementation in required to support full expression of three selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases in various tissues of weanling pigs

The current dietary allowance for selenium (Se) for pigs does not consider Se requirements for expression of several newly discovered Se-dependent enzymes and has raised environmental concerns. Our objective was to determine dietary Se requirements of young pigs for the full expression of cellular (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition 1998-01, Vol.128 (1), p.130-135
Main Authors: Lei, X.G. (Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.), Dann, H.M, Ross, D.A, Cheng, W.H, Combs, G.F. Jr, Roneker, K.R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
BLOOD PLASMA
DIET
Dietary supplements
DOSAGE EFFECTS
ENZYMIC ACTIVITY
EXTRACELLULAR GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
GENE EXPRESSION
GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE
Glutathione Peroxidase - blood
Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics
Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism
GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE
Glutathione Transferase - blood
Glutathione Transferase - metabolism
GROWTH
HEART
Hogs
ISOPROSTANCES
LIPID PEROXIDATION
LIVER
Liver - enzymology
Lung - enzymology
LUNGS
Male
MESSENGER RNA
MINERAL CONTENT
MINERAL NUTRIENTS
Myocardium - enzymology
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
PEROXIDES
PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROPEROXIDE GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASES
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
PITUITARY GLAND
Plasma
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
SELENIUM
Selenium - administration & dosage
Selenium - pharmacology
SUPPLEMENTS
SWINE
Swine - growth & development
Swine - physiology
THYROID GLAND
TOCOPHEROLS
TRANSFERASES
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Weaning
YOUNG ANIMALS
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Summary:The current dietary allowance for selenium (Se) for pigs does not consider Se requirements for expression of several newly discovered Se-dependent enzymes and has raised environmental concerns. Our objective was to determine dietary Se requirements of young pigs for the full expression of cellular (GPX1), plasma (GPX3) and phospholipid hydroperoxide (GPX4) glutathione peroxidases. In Experiment 1, 18 weanling male pigs (4 wk old) were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD, 0.03 mg Se/kg) with the addition of 0, 0.1 or 0.3 mg Se/kg (Na2SeO3). In Experiment 2, 24 weanling barrows (6 wk old) were fed a similar BD with the addition of 0, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.5 mg Se/kg. Both experiments lasted for 5 wk. Pigs fed the BD had lower (P 0.05) tissue GPX1 and GPX4 activities, plasma GPX activity, and(or) plasma Se concentrations than those fed the Se-supplemented diets. In Experiment 1, GPX1 and GPX4 activities in liver, heart and lung were lower (P 0.05) in pigs fed 0.1 mg Se/kg than in those fed 0.3 mg Se/kg, although no such differences existed in thyroid or pituitary. Pigs fed 0.1 mg Se/kg also had lower (P 0.05) plasma GPX3 activity at wk 5 and higher (P 0.05) hepatic glutathione 5-transferase activity than pigs fed 0.3 mg Se/kg. In Experiment 2, GPX1 and GPX4 activities in liver and heart, GPX1 and GPX4 mRNA levels in liver and GPX3 activity in plasma exhibited plateaus at 0.2 mg Se/kg. Pigs fed the BD had greater concentrations of F2-isoprostanes (a marker of in vivo lipid peroxidation) than those fed 0.2 mg Se/kg in plasma (P 0.03) and liver (P 0.04). We conclude that supplemental Se at 0.2 mg Se/kg of diet is required to support the full expression of three Se-dependent glutathione peroxidases in young pigs
ISSN:0022-3166
1541-6100
DOI:10.1093/jn/128.1.130