Food allergy to gelatin in children with systemic immediate-type reactions, including anaphylaxis, to vaccines

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis to measles-mumps-rubella vaccines has been reported. We have suspected that most such reactions are caused by gelatin contained in the vaccines. OBJECTIVE: To confirm the relation between systemic allergic reactions to vaccines and the presence of anti-gelatin IgE, we measure...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 1996-12, Vol.98 (6), p.1058-1061
Main Authors: Sakaguchi, Masahiro, Nakayama, Tetsuo, Inouye, Sakae
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergic diseases
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis - immunology
Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Cross Reactions - immunology
Female
food allergy
Food Hypersensitivity - immunology
gelatin
Gelatin - analysis
Gelatin - classification
Gelatin - immunology
Humans
Hypersensitivity, Immediate - immunology
IgE
Immunoglobulin E - blood
Immunoglobulin E - immunology
Immunopathology
Infant
Male
Measles Vaccine - adverse effects
Measles Vaccine - immunology
Medical sciences
Mumps Vaccine - adverse effects
Mumps Vaccine - immunology
Other localizations
Rubella Vaccine - adverse effects
Rubella Vaccine - immunology
vaccines
Viral Vaccines - adverse effects
Viral Vaccines - immunology
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Summary:BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis to measles-mumps-rubella vaccines has been reported. We have suspected that most such reactions are caused by gelatin contained in the vaccines. OBJECTIVE: To confirm the relation between systemic allergic reactions to vaccines and the presence of anti-gelatin IgE, we measured anti-gelatin IgE in children who demonstrated allergy to gelatin-containing vaccines. Furthermore, to clarify the relation between allergic reactions to gelatin in vaccines and foods, we surveyed the occurrence of allergic reactions to gelatin-containing foods in the same children. METHODS: Serum samples were taken from 26 children who had systemic immediate-type reactions, including anaphylactic shock, to vaccines and the same number of children without allergic reactions. Specific IgE to gelatin in these samples was measured. We then surveyed whether these children had allergic reactions to gelatin-containing foods before and after vaccination. RESULTS: Twenty-four of the 26 children with allergic reactions to vaccines had anti-gelatin IgE ranging from 1.2 to 250 Ua/ml. Seven had allergic reactions on ingestion of gelatin-containing foods. Of these, two had reactions before vaccination, and five had reactions after vaccination. All the control children without allergic reactions to vaccines had no anti-gelatin IgE. CONCLUSION: We reconfirmed a strong relationship between systemic immediate-type allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, to vaccines and the presence of specific IgE to gelatin. Moreover, some of the children also had allergic reactions to food gelatin before or after vaccination. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;98:1058-61.)
ISSN:0091-6749
1097-6825
DOI:10.1016/S0091-6749(96)80191-6