Long-Term Stability of Diagnosis and Symptom Dimensions in a Systematic Sample of Patients with Onset of Schizophrenia in Childhood and Early Adolescence. I: Nosology, Sex and Age of Onset

Little is known about the long-term outcome of schizophrenia that has its onset during childhood and early adolescence (early-onset schizophrenia, or EO-SZ). Whether or not EO-SZ is an aetiologically separate form of schizophrenia (SZ) is unresolved. The study was a 14.8-year follow-up, using method...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of psychiatry 1996-09, Vol.169 (3), p.361-370
Main Authors: Maziade, Michel, Gingras, Nathalie, Rodrigue, Caroune, Bouchard, Stéphane, Cardinal, Andrée, Gauthier, Benoît, Tremblay, Guy, Côté, Serge, Fournier, Christiane, Boutin, Pierrette, Hamel, Martin, Roy, Marc-André, Martinez, Maria, Mérette, Chantal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Adults
Age
Age Factors
Age of onset
Bias
Child
Child development
Childhood
Children
Classification
Developmental delays
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gender
Gender differences
Humans
Life course
Long term
Male
Males
Medical diagnosis
Men
Mental disorders
Onset
Personality Development
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Psychosis
Quebec
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - classification
Schizophrenia - diagnosis
Schizophrenia, Childhood - classification
Schizophrenia, Childhood - diagnosis
Schizophrenia, Childhood - psychology
Schizophrenic Psychology
Schizotypal Personality Disorder - classification
Schizotypal Personality Disorder - diagnosis
Schizotypal Personality Disorder - psychology
Sex differences
Sex Factors
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Summary:Little is known about the long-term outcome of schizophrenia that has its onset during childhood and early adolescence (early-onset schizophrenia, or EO-SZ). Whether or not EO-SZ is an aetiologically separate form of schizophrenia (SZ) is unresolved. The study was a 14.8-year follow-up, using methods such as systematic sampling, evaluation of possible non-respondent bias, consensus best-estimate diagnoses (DSM-III-R) made independently in childhood and adulthood, measures of positive and negative dimensions, of non-psychotic behaviour disturbances (NPBD) and of developmental problems before the appearance of SZ. There was high stability of EO-SZ (n = 40) diagnoses (mean onset at 14.0 years) until adulthood (mean age at follow-up 28.8 years) but a lower stability of positive and negative schizophrenic dimensions. There was a poor outcome of EO-SZ, a strong over-representation of males but few gender differences, and no effect of age of onset on clinical features and outcome. EO-SZ taken as a whole shows no qualitative differences to adult-onset SZ. However, a distinction through the onset of preschizophrenic developmental problems or NPBD might be a way to investigate heterogeneity within EO-SZ.
ISSN:0007-1250
1472-1465
DOI:10.1192/bjp.169.3.361