Effects of modified-live infectious bronchitis virus vaccines on the head-associated lymphoid tissue (HALT)

Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) leghorn chicks were inoculated with different modified-live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines to determine if the vaccines interfered with immune competence of the head region. A total of 16 vaccines were evaluated comprising nine Massachusetts, three Arkansas,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Avian diseases 1994-10, Vol.38 (4), p.847-856
Main Authors: Montgomery, R.D. (College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS.), Maslin, W.R, Magee, D.L, Boyle, C.R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
ANTIGENE
ANTIGENOS
Antigens
Bacterial Vaccines - pharmacology
BRUCELLA ABORTUS
Brucella abortus - immunology
CABEZA
CELLULE
CELULAS
Chickens - immunology
Chickens - physiology
DEFICIENCE IMMUNOLOGIQUE
DEFICIENCIA INMUNOLOGICA
Eyelids
Follicles
GLANDE ANIMALE
GLANDULAS ANIMALES
Head
Histology
Infectious bronchitis virus - immunology
LAGRIMA
LARME
LINFOCITOS
LYMPHOCYTE
Lymphocyte Activation
Lymphocytes
Lymphoid tissue
Lymphoid Tissue - microbiology
Lymphoid Tissue - pathology
Lymphoid Tissue - physiology
Lymphoid Tissue - virology
Plasma cells
POLLO
POULET
REPONSE IMMUNITAIRE
RESPUESTA INMUNOLOGICA
SISTEMA LINFATICO
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
SYSTEME LYMPHATIQUE
TETE
Trachea
TRACHEE
TRAQUEA
VACCIN VIVANT
Vaccination
Vaccines, Attenuated - pharmacology
VACUNA VIVA
Viral Vaccines - pharmacology
VIRUS BRONCHITE INFECTIEUSE AVIAIRE
VIRUS BRONQUITIS INFECCIOSA AVIAR
Viruses
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Description
Summary:Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) leghorn chicks were inoculated with different modified-live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines to determine if the vaccines interfered with immune competence of the head region. A total of 16 vaccines were evaluated comprising nine Massachusetts, three Arkansas, two Holland, one Florida, and one combination vaccine (containing both Connecticut and Massachusetts). Chicks were vaccinated when they were 4 weeks, 2 weeks, or 1 day of age. When all chickens were 4 weeks 3 days of age, their glands of Harder (GH) were assayed for the ability to respond to antigenic stimulation. Tissues from chicks given GH-depressing and non-GH-depressing vaccines were also collected and scored for histological changes in the head-associated lymphoid tissue (HALT) sites and the trachea. All 16 vaccines depressed the GH response to antigenic stimulation when given to 4-week-old chicks. Six of these vaccines (two Massachusetts, two Arkansas, and two Holland) also depressed the GH response when given to 2-week-old chicks, and one, an Arkansas vaccine, depressed the GH response when given to 1-day-old chicks. The main histological changes associated with the vaccines were increases in lymphocyte populations in the nasal mucosa, eyelid, and, for some, the lacrimal gland and the GH. In addition, lymphoid follicles were increased in the eyelid, to a lesser degree in the GH, and occasionally in the trachea. No relationship was found between histologic changes and vaccine-induced suppression of the GH response
ISSN:0005-2086
1938-4351
DOI:10.2307/1592123