Role of vitamin K in bone metabolism

Vitamin K is a cofactor required for the formation of gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) residues in proteins. Osteoblasts produce at least three different Gla-containing proteins: osteocalcin, matrix Gla-protein, and protein S. After cellular secretion of these proteins, the main part of each remains bou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of nutrition 1995-01, Vol.15 (1), p.1-22
Main Authors: VERMEER, C, JIE, K.-S. G, KNAPEN, M. H. J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Bone and Bones - chemistry
Bone and Bones - metabolism
Bone and Bones - physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Osteocalcin - analysis
Osteocalcin - metabolism
Rats
Skeleton and joints
Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system
Vitamin K - physiology
Vitamin K Deficiency - metabolism
Vitamin K Deficiency - physiopathology
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Summary:Vitamin K is a cofactor required for the formation of gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) residues in proteins. Osteoblasts produce at least three different Gla-containing proteins: osteocalcin, matrix Gla-protein, and protein S. After cellular secretion of these proteins, the main part of each remains bound to the hydroxyapatite matrix in bone, but their function remains unclear. Part of the newly synthesized osteocalcin is also set free into the bloodstream, where it may be used as a diagnostic marker for bone formation. Several studies have demonstrated that a poor vitamin K status is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic bone fractures. Whether vitamin K supplementation will reduce the rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women remains a matter of debate.
ISSN:0199-9885
1545-4312
DOI:10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.000245