Effect of differential shear stress on platelet aggregation, surface thrombosis, and endothelialization of bilateral carotid-femoral grafts in the dog

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine theeffects of increased shear stress on the aggregability of platelets as they traverse a long, small-caliber (6 mm) Dacron graft in the dog and on the surface thrombosis and endothelialization of such a graft. Methods: Each of nine dogs received b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of vascular surgery 1995-10, Vol.22 (4), p.382-392
Main Authors: Wu, Moses Hong-De, Kouchi, Yasuhiro, Onuki, Yoko, Shi, Qun, Yoshida, Hiroki, Kaplan, Svetlana, Viggers, Robert F., Ghali, Rafik, Sauvage, Lester R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical
Blood Flow Velocity
Blood Vessel Prosthesis
Blood Viscosity
Carotid Arteries - pathology
Carotid Arteries - surgery
Dogs
Endothelium, Vascular - pathology
Female
Femoral Artery - pathology
Femoral Artery - surgery
Hemorheology
Male
Platelet Aggregation
Thrombosis - physiopathology
Tunica Intima - pathology
Vascular Patency
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Summary:Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine theeffects of increased shear stress on the aggregability of platelets as they traverse a long, small-caliber (6 mm) Dacron graft in the dog and on the surface thrombosis and endothelialization of such a graft. Methods: Each of nine dogs received bilateral carotid-femoral artery grafts, approximately 75 cm long, for 3 months; one graft of each pair had a distal femoral arteriovenous fistula to produce a higher shear rate than the contralateral graft. Platelet aggregation scores were determined on blood withdrawn from the external jugular vein and from the proximal and distal ends of the grafts in each animal. Graft flow rates, which were used in the computation of shear stress, and luminal pressure gradients through grafts were measured during surgery and specimen retrieval. Specimens were studied with light microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin and immunocytochemical staining and by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the nature, composition, and thickness of the flow surface lining, as well as the transmural healing. Results: Two high-shear stress and two low-shear stress grafts occluded unilaterally; five dogs had bilaterally patent grafts, allowing comparative analyses. All subjects had low platelet aggregability with aspirin. Platelet aggregation scores taken from proximal and distal ends of the grafts were not significantly different. The high-shear stress grafts had significantly more endothelial-like cell coverage ( p < 0.0371) than the low-shear stress grafts, less flow-surface thrombus ( p < 0.0056), and a thinner surface lining ( p
ISSN:0741-5214
1097-6809
DOI:10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70005-6