Genomic features and evolutionary constraints in Saffold-like cardioviruses

This study identified the complete genomic sequence of four type 2 and type 3 human Saffold-like cardioviruses (SLCVs) isolated in Germany and Brazil. The secondary structures of the SLCV internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) were deduced based on RNA base-pairing conservation and co-variation, usin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of general virology 2010-06, Vol.91 (Pt 6), p.1418-1427
Main Authors: Drexler, Jan Felix, Baumgarte, Sigrid, Luna, Luciano Kleber de Souza, Stöcker, Andreas, Almeida, Patrícia Silva, Ribeiro, Tereza Cristina Medrado, Petersen, Nadine, Herzog, Petra, Pedroso, Célia, Brites, Carlos, Ribeiro, Jr, Hugo da Costa, Gmyl, Anatoly, Drosten, Christian, Lukashev, Alexander
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brazil
Cardiovirus
Cardiovirus - classification
Cardiovirus - genetics
Cardiovirus - isolation & purification
Cardiovirus Infections - virology
Enterovirus
Evolution, Molecular
Genome, Viral
Germany
Humans
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Picornaviridae
Recombination, Genetic
RNA, Viral - genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus
Theilovirus - genetics
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - genetics
Viral Structural Proteins - genetics
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Summary:This study identified the complete genomic sequence of four type 2 and type 3 human Saffold-like cardioviruses (SLCVs) isolated in Germany and Brazil. The secondary structures of the SLCV internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) were deduced based on RNA base-pairing conservation and co-variation, using an established Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) IRES structure as a reference. The SLCV IRES was highly similar to that of TMEV, but motifs critical in TMEV for binding of the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) were disrupted. In TMEV, corresponding alterations have been associated with reduced neurovirulence in mice. In the non-structural genome region, there was evidence of multiple intertypic recombination events between different SLCV types. Between viruses of the same type, recombination also occurred in the capsid-encoding genome region. There were apparently no recombination events between mouse TMEV and human SLCV. In another genus of the family Picornaviridae, Enterovirus, natural recombination occurs strictly within species and can serve as an additional criterion for delimiting species. Accordingly, the results of this study suggest that SLCV and TMEV may represent distinct species within the genus Cardiovirus.
ISSN:0022-1317
1465-2099
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.018887-0