The Effect of a High-Fat Meal on Postprandial Arterial Stiffness in Men with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Context: Postprandial dysmetabolism is emerging as an important cardiovascular risk factor. Augmentation index (AIx) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness and independently predicts cardiovascular outcome. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a standardized high-f...

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Published in:The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2010-09, Vol.95 (9), p.4455-4459
Main Authors: Phillips, L. K, Peake, J. M, Zhang, X, Hickman, I. J, Kolade, O, Sacre, J. W, Huang, B. E, Simpson, P, Li, S. H, Whitehead, J. P, Sharman, J. E, Martin, J. H, Prins, J. B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Diet, Atherogenic
Dietary Fats - pharmacology
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Obesity - complications
Obesity - physiopathology
Postprandial Period - drug effects
Risk
Vascular Resistance - drug effects
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vertebrates: endocrinology
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Summary:Context: Postprandial dysmetabolism is emerging as an important cardiovascular risk factor. Augmentation index (AIx) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness and independently predicts cardiovascular outcome. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a standardized high-fat meal on metabolic parameters and AIx in 1) lean, 2) obese nondiabetic, and 3) subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Design and Setting: Male subjects (lean, n = 8; obese, n = 10; and T2DM, n = 10) were studied for 6 h after a high-fat meal and water control. Glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and AIx (radial applanation tonometry) were measured serially to determine the incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Results: AIx decreased in all three groups after a high-fat meal. A greater overall postprandial reduction in AIx was seen in lean and T2DM compared with obese subjects (iAUC, 2251 ± 1204, 2764 ± 1102, and 1187 ± 429% · min, respectively; P < 0.05). The time to return to baseline AIx was significantly delayed in subjects with T2DM (297 ± 68 min) compared with lean subjects (161 ± 88 min; P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between iAUC AIx and iAUC triglycerides (r = 0.50; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Obesity is associated with an attenuated overall postprandial decrease in AIx. Subjects with T2DM have a preserved, but significantly prolonged, reduction in AIx after a high-fat meal. The correlation between AIx and triglycerides suggests that postprandial dysmetabolism may impact on vascular dynamics. The markedly different response observed in the obese subjects compared with those with T2DM was unexpected and warrants additional evaluation. Augmentation index decreased following a high-fat meal in male subjects; this response was attenuated in obesity but unexpectedly preserved and prolonged in type 2 diabetes.
ISSN:0021-972X
1945-7197
DOI:10.1210/jc.2010-0413