Effect of overweight on gastrointestinal microbiology and immunology: correlation with blood biomarkers

A cross-sectional study was carried out in order to compare intestinal microbiological and immunological biomarkers with blood glucose and lipids, satiety-related hormones and inflammatory biomarkers characterising differences between obese and normal weight subjects. Faecal and blood samples were o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of nutrition 2010-04, Vol.103 (7), p.1070-1078
Main Authors: Tiihonen, Kirsti, Ouwehand, Arthur C., Rautonen, Nina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
anthropometric measurements
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - metabolism
Bacteroides
Behaviour, Appetite and Obesity
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
blood
Blood Glucose
blood lipids
branched chain fatty acids
C-reactive protein
C-Reactive Protein - metabolism
Cross-Sectional Studies
diet-related diseases
Digestive system
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Feces - chemistry
Feces - microbiology
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gastrointestinal hormones
gastrointestinal system
Glucose
Hormones - blood
human diseases
human nutrition
Humans
Hydroxy Acids - metabolism
hydroxy fatty acids
Immunology
Inflammation
Inflammation Mediators - blood
insulin
Insulin - blood
interleukin-6
Interleukin-6 - blood
Intestinal microbiota
intestinal microorganisms
Intestines - immunology
Intestines - metabolism
Intestines - microbiology
lactic acid
leptin
Lipids
Lipids - blood
Male
metabolites
microbial activity
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Nutrition research
Obesity
Obesity - blood
Obesity - immunology
Overweight
phenolic compounds
Phenols - metabolism
Reference Values
satiety
sulfate-reducing bacteria
triacylglycerols
valeric acid
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Waist Circumference
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Description
Summary:A cross-sectional study was carried out in order to compare intestinal microbiological and immunological biomarkers with blood glucose and lipids, satiety-related hormones and inflammatory biomarkers characterising differences between obese and normal weight subjects. Faecal and blood samples were obtained from twenty obese subjects with an average BMI of 32·9 kg/m2 and twenty normal weight subjects with an average BMI of 23·3 kg/m2. Blood insulin, TAG and leptin were significantly elevated, whereas concentrations of HDL and ghrelin were significantly decreased in the obese subjects. Inflammatory status in the obese subjects was characterised by a trend for elevated blood C-reactive protein (CRP; P = 0·06) and IL-6 (P = 0·02). The faecal microbial composition differed between the groups; less sulphate-reducing bacteria (P = 0·05) and a trend for less Bacteroides (P = 0·07) were measured for overweight subjects. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was demonstrated between faecal Bacteroides levels and waist circumference (P = 0·05). The faecal microbial metabolites differed between the groups; increased concentrations of branched-chain fatty acids, phenolics, valeric acid, di- and hydroxy acids were described in the obese subjects. No differences between the measured intestinal inflammatory biomarkers were detected. However, systemic inflammation (CRP and IL-6) was correlated with the faecal concentrations of phenolics and lactic acid (P 
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S0007114509992807