Whole-carcass residues of the rodenticide difenacoum in anticoagulant-resistant and -susceptible rat strains (Rattus norvegicus)

The present study investigated the whole‐carcass residue carried by resistant and susceptible laboratory rat strains following 5, 10, or 20 d of feeding on a diet of 25 mg difenacoum/kg bait. The mean whole‐carcass residue of difenacoum was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography to be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2005-02, Vol.24 (2), p.318-323
Main Authors: Atterby, Helen, Kerins, Gerard M., MacNicoll, Alan D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
4-Hydroxycoumarins - administration & dosage
4-Hydroxycoumarins - toxicity
Animal Feed
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Anticoagulants - administration & dosage
Anticoagulants - toxicity
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Coagulation Tests
Body Weight - drug effects
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Comparative analysis
Difenacoum
Drug Resistance
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Pesticide Residues - metabolism
Pesticide Residues - toxicity
Pesticides
Predation
Rats
Rattus norvegicus
Resistance
Risk Assessment
Rodenticides - administration & dosage
Rodenticides - toxicity
Rodents
Secondary poisoning
Time Factors
Whole-carcass residue
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Summary:The present study investigated the whole‐carcass residue carried by resistant and susceptible laboratory rat strains following 5, 10, or 20 d of feeding on a diet of 25 mg difenacoum/kg bait. The mean whole‐carcass residue of difenacoum was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography to be between 0.52 and 0.74 mg/kg body weight in all three rat strains tested. These values were considerably lower than some comparable data previously reported for other species and second‐generation rodenticides as well as from mathematical models. The whole‐carcass residue of extractable (i.e., nonrefractory) parent compound carried by highly resistant rats fed for 20 d (0.74 mg/kg body wt) is unlikely to present a significantly increased risk to predators compared to the amount carried by susceptible rats after 5 d of feeding (0.52 mg/kg body wt). However, resistant rats are more likely to be available for predation and to be carrying a whole‐carcass residue of anticoagulant throughout the duration of a control program.
ISSN:0730-7268
1552-8618
DOI:10.1897/04-022R.1