Vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography of haloacetic acids on a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin

A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Chromatography A 2003-05, Vol.997 (1), p.133-138
Main Authors: Helaleh, Murad I.H., Tanaka, Kazuhiko, Mori, Masanobu, Xu, Qun, Taoda, Hiroshi, Ding, Ming-Yu, Hu, Wenzhi, Hasebe, Kiyoshi, Haddad, Paul R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetates - analysis
Acetates - isolation & purification
Acetic Acid
Acetic acids
Analytical chemistry
Applied sciences
Cation Exchange Resins
Chemistry
Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography
Chromatography, Ion Exchange - methods
Dichloroacetic Acid - analysis
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
Electric Conductivity
Exact sciences and technology
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Organic acids
Organochlorine compounds
Other chromatographic methods
Pollution
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Solvents
Sulfuric Acids
Trichloroacetic Acid - analysis
Water - analysis
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:A new and simple approach is described for the determination of the haloacetic acids (such as mono-, di- and trichloroacetic acids) usually found in drinking water as chlorination by-products after disinfection processes and acetic acid. The new approach, termed vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography, is based on an ion-exclusion mechanism but using the sample solution as the mobile phase, pure water as the injected sample, and a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin column (TSKgel OApak-A) as the stationary phase. The addition of sulfuric acid to the mobile phase results in highly sensitive conductivity detection with sharp and well-shaped peaks, leading to excellent and efficient separations. The elution order was sulfuric acid, dichloroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and acetic acid. The separation of these acids depends on their p K a values. Acids with lower p K a values were eluted earlier than those with higher p K a, except for trichloroacetic acid due to a hydrophobic adsorption effect occurring as a side-effect of vacancy ion-exclusion chromatography. The detection limits of these acids in the present study with conductivity detection were 3.4 μ M for monochloroacetic acid, 0.86 μ M for dichloroacetic acid and 0.15 μ M for trichloroacetic acid.
ISSN:0021-9673
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00546-6