Epidemiology Incidence and Risk Factors for Invasive Candidiasis in High-Risk Patients

Candida spp. are an increasing cause of bloodstream infections, and are associated with high morbidity and mortality in both neutropenic and non-neutropenic critically ill patients. Risk factors associated with candidaemia are diverse and include exposure to broad spectrum antimicrobial agents, muco...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drugs (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2009-01, Vol.69 (Suppl 1), p.5-14
Main Authors: Concia, Ercole, Azzini, Anna Maria, Conti, Michela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Candidiasis - complications
Candidiasis - epidemiology
Candidiasis - mortality
Candidiasis - pathology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacotherapy
Review Article
Risk Factors
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Summary:Candida spp. are an increasing cause of bloodstream infections, and are associated with high morbidity and mortality in both neutropenic and non-neutropenic critically ill patients. Risk factors associated with candidaemia are diverse and include exposure to broad spectrum antimicrobial agents, mucosal colonization by Candida spp., indwelling vascular catheters, prior surgery and cancer chemotherapy. During the last 20 years, there has been an increasing incidence worldwide in invasive candidiasis, but differences in geographical epidemiology are emerging, in particular regarding a shift towards non -albicans species. This shift has been correlated with routine fluconazole prophylaxis adopted in some patients, and the intrinsic/acquired azole resistance of Candida spp., which represents a very real problem, in terms of both selecting the appropriate empirical therapeutic approach and making prophylactic choices.
ISSN:0012-6667
1179-1950
DOI:10.2165/11315500-000000000-00000