Ear, nose, and throat effects of high altitude

High altitude changes human physiology and can result in illnesses such as acute mountain sickness, high-altitude cerebral edema, and high-altitude pulmonary edema. The physiological impacts of high-altitude illnesses occur secondary to extravasation of fluid from the intravascular space into the ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology 2010-03, Vol.267 (3), p.467-471
Main Authors: Cingi, Cemal, Erkan, Alper Nabi, Rettinger, Gerhard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acclimatization - physiology
Altitude Sickness - diagnosis
Altitude Sickness - physiopathology
Altitude Sickness - prevention & control
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Edema - physiopathology
Capillary Permeability - physiology
Extracellular Fluid - physiology
Head and Neck Surgery
Humans
Hypoxia - physiopathology
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Miscellaneous
Neurosurgery
Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases - diagnosis
Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases - physiopathology
Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases - prevention & control
Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology
Pulmonary Edema - physiopathology
Risk Factors
Water-Electrolyte Balance - physiology
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Summary:High altitude changes human physiology and can result in illnesses such as acute mountain sickness, high-altitude cerebral edema, and high-altitude pulmonary edema. The physiological impacts of high-altitude illnesses occur secondary to extravasation of fluid from the intravascular space into the extravascular space during a rapid ascent. Headache, hearing disturbances, vestibular disturbances, epistaxis, sleep apnea, coughing, respiratory tract infections, and nasal obstruction are main ear, nose, and throat complaints of individuals travelling to high altitude. These complaints can cause delays or cancelations in a person’s climbing plans. In this article, we review the ear, nose, and throat effects of high altitude based on the relevant literature.
ISSN:0937-4477
1434-4726
DOI:10.1007/s00405-009-1016-6