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Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine
To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children <...
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| Published in: | Pediatrics (Evanston) 2010-01, Vol.125 (1), p.26-33 |
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| creator | Li, Su-Ting T Tancredi, Daniel J |
| description | To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000.
We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children < or = 18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000,2003, and 2006 [corrected]. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates.
During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532-3264) hospitalizations of children |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1542/peds.2009-0184 |
| format | article |
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We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children < or = 18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000,2003, and 2006 [corrected]. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates.
During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532-3264) hospitalizations of children <or=18 years of age in the United States were associated with empyema. The empyema-associated hospitalization rate was estimated at 3.7 (95% CI: 3.3-4.2) per 100000 children, an increase of almost 70% from the 1997 empyema hospitalization rate of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9-2.5) per 100000. The rate of complicated pneumonia (empyema, pleural effusion, or bacterial pneumonia requiring a chest tube or decortication) similarly increased 44%, to 5.5 (95% CI: 4.8-6.1) per 100000. The rate of bacterial pneumonia decreased 13%, to 244.3 (95% CI: 231.1-257.5) per 100000. The rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae) decreased 50%, to 6.3 (95% CI: 5.7-6.9) per 100000.
Among children <or=18 years of age, the annual empyema-associated hospitalization rates increased almost 70% between 1997 and 2006, despite decreases in the bacterial pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease rates. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is not decreasing the incidence of empyema.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-4005</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-4275</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-0184</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19948570</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PEDIAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elk Grove Village, IL: Am Acad Pediatrics</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Bacterial diseases ; Bacterial diseases of the respiratory system ; Biological and medical sciences ; Care and treatment ; Causes of ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cohort Studies ; Comparative analysis ; Confidence Intervals ; Diseases ; Empyema ; Empyema, Pleural - epidemiology ; Empyema, Pleural - microbiology ; Empyema, Pleural - therapy ; Female ; General aspects ; Health aspects ; Hospital care ; Hospitalization ; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data ; Human bacterial diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infectious diseases ; Medical sciences ; Patient outcomes ; Pediatric diseases ; Pediatrics ; Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections - immunology ; Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control ; Pneumococcal vaccine ; Pneumococcal vaccines ; Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - prevention & control ; Probability ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Distribution ; Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections ; Statistics ; United States - epidemiology ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, Conjugate - administration & dosage ; Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology]]></subject><ispartof>Pediatrics (Evanston), 2010-01, Vol.125 (1), p.26-33</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Academy of Pediatrics Jan 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c427t-6644e6801570a7c05d8fd1bf7457e18f0684640cd00d662b7125d8c1312578723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c427t-6644e6801570a7c05d8fd1bf7457e18f0684640cd00d662b7125d8c1312578723</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,786,790,4043,27956,27957,27958</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22405244$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19948570$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Su-Ting T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tancredi, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><title>Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine</title><title>Pediatrics (Evanston)</title><addtitle>Pediatrics</addtitle><description>To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000.
We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children < or = 18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000,2003, and 2006 [corrected]. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates.
During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532-3264) hospitalizations of children <or=18 years of age in the United States were associated with empyema. The empyema-associated hospitalization rate was estimated at 3.7 (95% CI: 3.3-4.2) per 100000 children, an increase of almost 70% from the 1997 empyema hospitalization rate of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9-2.5) per 100000. The rate of complicated pneumonia (empyema, pleural effusion, or bacterial pneumonia requiring a chest tube or decortication) similarly increased 44%, to 5.5 (95% CI: 4.8-6.1) per 100000. The rate of bacterial pneumonia decreased 13%, to 244.3 (95% CI: 231.1-257.5) per 100000. The rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae) decreased 50%, to 6.3 (95% CI: 5.7-6.9) per 100000.
Among children <or=18 years of age, the annual empyema-associated hospitalization rates increased almost 70% between 1997 and 2006, despite decreases in the bacterial pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease rates. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is not decreasing the incidence of empyema.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases of the respiratory system</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>Diseases</subject><subject>Empyema</subject><subject>Empyema, Pleural - epidemiology</subject><subject>Empyema, Pleural - microbiology</subject><subject>Empyema, Pleural - therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hospital care</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Human bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Pediatric diseases</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Infections - immunology</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Pneumococcal vaccine</subject><subject>Pneumococcal vaccines</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - prevention & control</subject><subject>Probability</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Vaccines, Conjugate - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology</subject><issn>0031-4005</issn><issn>1098-4275</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkdGL1DAQh4Mo3nr66qMUQXzqOknTJH08eqd3cHCCnvgWsul0N0ubrEmLnn-9Kbt44tMM4ZvJx_wIeU1hTWvOPhywS2sG0JRAFX9CVhQaVXIm66dkBVDRkgPUZ-RFSnsA4LVkz8kZbRquagkr8v1qPDzgaIrrkA5uMoP7bSYXfCpuvI1oEnaF88X9l6LduaGL6ItLXEgsPnucx2CDtWYo2uD389bk52_GWufxJXnWmyHhq1M9J_cfr7621-Xt3aeb9uK2tFlyKoXgHIUCmm2MtFB3qu_oppfZFKnqQSguONgOoBOCbSRlGbG0ylUqyapz8v649xDDjxnTpEeXLA6D8RjmpGVVKSHqhmby7X_kPszRZznNmKokhXqByiO0NQNq523wE_6abBgG3KLO6u2dvmC0VkpSKjO_PvI2hpQi9voQ3Wjig6agl4T0kpBeEtJLQnngzcli3ozYPeKnSDLw7gSYlC_bR-OtS385xjjUjPNH053b7n66iMtPzkzR2fRPm--kqWai-gOleKa4</recordid><startdate>20100101</startdate><enddate>20100101</enddate><creator>Li, Su-Ting T</creator><creator>Tancredi, Daniel J</creator><general>Am Acad Pediatrics</general><general>American Academy of Pediatrics</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100101</creationdate><title>Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine</title><author>Li, Su-Ting T ; Tancredi, Daniel J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c427t-6644e6801570a7c05d8fd1bf7457e18f0684640cd00d662b7125d8c1312578723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases of the respiratory system</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Causes of</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>Diseases</topic><topic>Empyema</topic><topic>Empyema, Pleural - epidemiology</topic><topic>Empyema, Pleural - microbiology</topic><topic>Empyema, Pleural - therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hospital care</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Human bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Pediatric diseases</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Infections - immunology</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Pneumococcal vaccine</topic><topic>Pneumococcal vaccines</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - prevention & control</topic><topic>Probability</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Vaccines, Conjugate - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Su-Ting T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tancredi, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pediatrics (Evanston)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Su-Ting T</au><au>Tancredi, Daniel J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine</atitle><jtitle>Pediatrics (Evanston)</jtitle><addtitle>Pediatrics</addtitle><date>2010-01-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>125</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>26</spage><epage>33</epage><pages>26-33</pages><issn>0031-4005</issn><eissn>1098-4275</eissn><coden>PEDIAU</coden><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><abstract>To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000.
We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children < or = 18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000,2003, and 2006 [corrected]. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates.
During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532-3264) hospitalizations of children <or=18 years of age in the United States were associated with empyema. The empyema-associated hospitalization rate was estimated at 3.7 (95% CI: 3.3-4.2) per 100000 children, an increase of almost 70% from the 1997 empyema hospitalization rate of 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9-2.5) per 100000. The rate of complicated pneumonia (empyema, pleural effusion, or bacterial pneumonia requiring a chest tube or decortication) similarly increased 44%, to 5.5 (95% CI: 4.8-6.1) per 100000. The rate of bacterial pneumonia decreased 13%, to 244.3 (95% CI: 231.1-257.5) per 100000. The rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae) decreased 50%, to 6.3 (95% CI: 5.7-6.9) per 100000.
Among children <or=18 years of age, the annual empyema-associated hospitalization rates increased almost 70% between 1997 and 2006, despite decreases in the bacterial pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease rates. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is not decreasing the incidence of empyema.</abstract><cop>Elk Grove Village, IL</cop><pub>Am Acad Pediatrics</pub><pmid>19948570</pmid><doi>10.1542/peds.2009-0184</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Age Distribution Bacterial diseases Bacterial diseases of the respiratory system Biological and medical sciences Care and treatment Causes of Child Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Cohort Studies Comparative analysis Confidence Intervals Diseases Empyema Empyema, Pleural - epidemiology Empyema, Pleural - microbiology Empyema, Pleural - therapy Female General aspects Health aspects Hospital care Hospitalization Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data Human bacterial diseases Humans Incidence Infectious diseases Medical sciences Patient outcomes Pediatric diseases Pediatrics Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology Pneumococcal Infections - immunology Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control Pneumococcal vaccine Pneumococcal vaccines Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - epidemiology Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - prevention & control Probability Retrospective Studies Risk Assessment Severity of Illness Index Sex Distribution Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections Statistics United States - epidemiology Vaccines Vaccines, Conjugate - administration & dosage Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology |
| title | Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine |
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