Empyema Hospitalizations Increased in US Children Despite Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children <...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatrics (Evanston) 2010-01, Vol.125 (1), p.26-33
Main Authors: Li, Su-Ting T, Tancredi, Daniel J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age Distribution
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of the respiratory system
Biological and medical sciences
Care and treatment
Causes of
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Cohort Studies
Comparative analysis
Confidence Intervals
Diseases
Empyema
Empyema, Pleural - epidemiology
Empyema, Pleural - microbiology
Empyema, Pleural - therapy
Female
General aspects
Health aspects
Hospital care
Hospitalization
Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Incidence
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Patient outcomes
Pediatric diseases
Pediatrics
Pneumococcal Infections - epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections - immunology
Pneumococcal Infections - prevention & control
Pneumococcal vaccine
Pneumococcal vaccines
Pneumococcal Vaccines - administration & dosage
Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - epidemiology
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - immunology
Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - prevention & control
Probability
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Distribution
Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections
Statistics
United States - epidemiology
Vaccines
Vaccines, Conjugate - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology
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Summary:To determine if the incidence of empyema among children in the United States has changed since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. We used the nationally representative Kids' Inpatient Database to estimate the annual total number of hospitalizations of children < or = 18 years of age that were associated with empyema in 1997, 2000,2003, and 2006 [corrected]. Using US Census data, estimated counts were converted into annual incidence rates per 100000 children. Incidence rates were compared between 1997 and later years to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on hospitalization rates. During 2006, an estimated total of 2898 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2532-3264) hospitalizations of children
ISSN:0031-4005
1098-4275
DOI:10.1542/peds.2009-0184