Effect of sowing date, host cultivar, and race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris on development of Fusarium wilt of chickpea

ABSTRACT Microplots experiments were carried out at Córdoba, southern Spain, from 1986 to 1989 to determine the effects of sowing date in the management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea as influenced by virulence of the pathogen race and by cultivar susceptibility. A total of 108 epidemics of the diseas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytopathology 1998-12, Vol.88 (12), p.1338-1346
Main Authors: Navas-Cortes, J.A. (Universitat Hannover, Germany.), Hau, B, Jimenez-Diaz, R.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AGENT PATHOGENE
Biological and medical sciences
CICER ARIETINUM
CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES
CONTROLE DE MALADIES
DATE DE SEMIS
DISEASE CONTROL
DISEASE RESISTANCE
ENFERMEDADES FUNGOSAS
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
EPIDEMIOLOGIE
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ESPAGNE
ESPANA
FECHA DE SIEMBRA
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
FUNGAL DISEASES
Fungal plant pathogens
FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM
FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. CICERIS
GENETIC VARIATION
INOCULUM DENSITY
MALADIE FONGIQUE
ORGANISMOS PATOGENOS
PATHOGENESE
PATHOGENESIS
PATHOGENICITY
PATHOGENS
Pathology, epidemiology, host-fungus relationships. Damages, economic importance
PATHOTYPE
PATHOTYPES
PATOGENESIS
PATOGENICIDAD
PATOTIPOS
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
POUVOIR PATHOGENE
RESISTANCE AUX MALADIES
RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD
SOWING DATE
SPAIN
SUSCEPTIBILITY
VARIACION GENETICA
VARIATION GENETIQUE
VARIEDADES
VARIETE
VARIETIES
VIRULENCE
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Summary:ABSTRACT Microplots experiments were carried out at Córdoba, southern Spain, from 1986 to 1989 to determine the effects of sowing date in the management of Fusarium wilt of chickpea as influenced by virulence of the pathogen race and by cultivar susceptibility. A total of 108 epidemics of the disease were described, analyzed, and compared to assess the degree of disease control. The epidemics were characterized by five curve elements: final disease intensity index (DII), standardized area under DII progress curve, time to epidemic onset, time to inflection point (t(ip)), and the DII value at t(ip), the last two parameters being estimates from the Richards function adjusted by nonlinear regression analysis. The structure of Fusarium wilt epidemics was examined by conducting multivariate principal components and cluster analyses. From these analyses, three factors accounting for 98 to 99% of the total variance characterized the DII progress curves and provided plausible epidemiological interpretations. The first factor included the t(ip) and the time to disease onset and can be interpreted as a positional factor over time. This factor accounted for the largest proportion of the total variance and may, therefore, be considered as the main factor for analysis of Fusarium wilt epidemics. The second factor concerns the standardized area under DII progress curves and the final DII of the epidemics. The third factor identified the uniqueness of the estimated value for the point of inflection of the DII progress curve over time. Our results indicate that for each year of experiment epidemic development was related mainly to the date of sowing. Thus, for chickpea crops in southern Spain, advancing the sowing date from early spring to early winter can slow down the development of Fusarium wilt epidemics, delay the epidemic onset, and minimize the final amount of disease. However, the net effect of this disease management practice may also be influenced, though to a lesser extent, by the susceptibility of the chickpea cultivar and the virulence and inoculum density of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race.
ISSN:0031-949X
1943-7684
DOI:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.12.1338