A novel rapid and effective donor arm disinfection method

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to derive a donor arm disinfection technique that was rapid, but with a disinfection efficacy equivalent to a previous “best‐practice” technique. This method consisted of a two‐stage procedure with an initial application of 70% isopropyl alcohol and then 2% tinct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Pa.), 2010-01, Vol.50 (1), p.53-58
Main Authors: McDonald, Carl, McGuane, Siobhan, Thomas, Julia, Hartley, Stephen, Robbins, Steve, Roy, Anjana, Verlander, Neville, Barbara, John
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2-Propanol - administration & dosage
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Anti-Infective Agents, Local - administration & dosage
Bacteremia - prevention & control
Bacteremia - transmission
Bacteria - drug effects
Benchmarking
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Banking - methods
Blood Banks - standards
Blood coagulation
Blood Donors
Blood. Blood and plasma substitutes. Blood products. Blood cells. Blood typing. Plasmapheresis. Apheresis
Chlorhexidine - administration & dosage
Disinfection - methods
Disinfection - standards
Humans
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Iodine - administration & dosage
Medical sciences
Phlebotomy - methods
Phlebotomy - standards
Skin - microbiology
Time Factors
Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy
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Summary:BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to derive a donor arm disinfection technique that was rapid, but with a disinfection efficacy equivalent to a previous “best‐practice” technique. This method consisted of a two‐stage procedure with an initial application of 70% isopropyl alcohol and then 2% tincture of iodine (IATI). The total time for the IATI method was 2 minutes in duration. A rapid technique (1 min in duration) was needed to obviate potential problems due to increased donor waiting time, had the IATI method been implemented at blood donation sessions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A direct swabbing and plating technique was used to enumerate bacteria present before and after disinfection. In total, seven methods were evaluated. RESULTS: The chlorhexidine/alcohol applicator (CAA) disinfection device containing 1.5 mL of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol (99.91% reduction; confidence limits, 99.55%, 99.98%) was shown to have equivalent disinfection efficacy as the IATI method (99.89% reduction; confidence limits, 99.36%, 99.98%; p = 0.86). Procedural time for the 1.5‐mL CAA method was 1 minute thereby avoiding potential problems of increased donor waiting time, inherent in the IATI 2‐minute procedure at blood donation sessions. CONCLUSIONS: The 1.5‐mL CAA disinfection method offers blood services a rapid and effective donor arm disinfection procedure. In 2006, the 1.5‐mL CAA procedure was implemented throughout the entire English blood service for all donations.
ISSN:0041-1132
1537-2995
DOI:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02332.x