In Vitro Potential of Ascophyllum nodosum Phenolic Antioxidant-Mediated α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition

Ascophyllum nodosum is a brown seaweed that grows abundantly in the Northeast coastal region. In this study, the potential of A. nodosum for type 2 diabetes management through antioxidant-mediated α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition was investigated. After the initial screening of 4 locally harve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food science 2010-04, Vol.75 (3), p.H97-H102
Main Authors: Apostolidis, E, Lee, C.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alpha-amylase
alpha-glucosidase
antioxidant activity
antioxidants
Antioxidants - chemistry
Antioxidants - isolation & purification
Ascophyllum - chemistry
Ascophyllum nodosum
Biological and medical sciences
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy
Dietary Supplements
edible seaweed
enzyme inhibition
Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry
Enzyme Inhibitors - isolation & purification
Eukaryota - chemistry
extraction
food composition
Food industries
Free Radical Scavengers - chemistry
Free Radical Scavengers - isolation & purification
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
Hot Temperature
in vitro studies
Osmolar Concentration
Pancreatic alpha-Amylases - antagonists & inhibitors
phenolic compounds
phenolic phytochemicals
Phenols - chemistry
Phenols - isolation & purification
phytochemicals
plant extracts
Species Specificity
temperature
type 2 diabetes
α-glucosidase inhibition
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Summary:Ascophyllum nodosum is a brown seaweed that grows abundantly in the Northeast coastal region. In this study, the potential of A. nodosum for type 2 diabetes management through antioxidant-mediated α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition was investigated. After the initial screening of 4 locally harvested seaweeds, A. nodosum was chosen for its highest phenolic content and was subjected to water extraction. Among extraction ratios of 50 g to 100 to 1000 mL at room temperature, 50 g/400 mL yielded the highest phenolic content of 4.5 mg/g wet weight. For evaluation of extraction temperature ranging from 20 to 80 °C, 50 g/400 mL was chosen as a minimum amount of extractant. Among temperatures studied, extraction at 80 °C resulted in the highest total phenolic contents (4.2 mg/g wet weight). All extracts had similar levels of antioxidant activity in the range of 60% to 70% in terms of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. The 80 °C extract had the highest α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ of 0.24 and 1.34 μg phenolics, respectively, compared to the IC₅₀ of acarbose, reference inhibitor, being 0.37 and 0.68 μg. The results show that fresh A. nodosum has strong α-glucosidase and mild α-amylase inhibitory activities that correlated with phenolic contents. This study suggests a nutraceutical potential of A. nodosum based on phytochemical antioxidant and antihyperglycemia activities.
ISSN:0022-1147
1750-3841
DOI:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01544.x