Induction of glutathione S-transferase isozymes in sorghum by herbicide antidotes

Certain chemicals referred to as herbicide antidotes protect sorghum from injury by chloroacetanilide herbicides such as metolachlor. The effect of herbicide antidotes on the glutathione S-transferase isozyme complement of etiolated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) shoots was examined. Elution...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant physiology (Bethesda) 1990-02, Vol.92 (2), p.467-473
Main Authors: Dean, J.V. (DePaul University, Chicago, IL), Gronwald, J.W, Eberlein, C.V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA
ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE
Agrochemicals products
AHILAMIENTO
Anhydrides
Antidotes
Biological and medical sciences
BIOSINTESIS
BIOSYNTHESE
Corn
DESINTOXICANTES
DETOXICANT
Elution
Enzymes
ETIOLEMENT
FITOTOXICIDAD
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Goods and services tax
HERBICIDAS
HERBICIDE
Herbicides
ISOENZIMAS
ISOENZYME
Liver
Metabolism
Other agrochemicals used in plant protection (herbicides, fungicides, etc.)
PEPTIDE
PEPTIDOS
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
PHYTOTOXICITE
Plant physiology and development
Pollution effects and side effects of agrochemicals on crop plants and forest trees. Other anthropogenic factors
Pollution effects. Side effects of agrochemicals
Seedlings
SINTESIS DE PROTEINAS
Sorghum
SORGHUM BICOLOR
SYNTHESE PROTEIQUE
TRANSFERASAS
TRANSFERASE
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Summary:Certain chemicals referred to as herbicide antidotes protect sorghum from injury by chloroacetanilide herbicides such as metolachlor. The effect of herbicide antidotes on the glutathione S-transferase isozyme complement of etiolated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) shoots was examined. Elution profiles of glutathione S-transferase isozymes from untreated and antidote-treated seedlings were generated by fast protein liquid chromatography utilizing an anion exchange (Mono Q) column. In untreated seedlings, there were two glutathione S-transferase isozymes, a major isozyme which exhibited activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and a minor isozymes which exhibited activity toward metolachlor. Treating sorghum seedlings with various antidotes (flurazole, oxabetrinil, CGA-133205, naphthalic anhydride, dichlormid) resulted in the appearance of four to five additional glutathione S-transferase isozymes (depending on the particular antidote) which exhibited activity toward metolachlor as a substrate and little or no activity with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Treating etiolated sorghum shoots with metolachlor was also found to induce at least four isozymes which exhibited activity toward the herbicide. An increase in glutathione S-transferase activity, measured with metolachlor as substrate, was detected within 4 h after treatment with 30 micromolar oxabetrinil, but 36 hours were required for maximum expression of activity. Addition of either the transcription inhibitor cordycepin or the translation inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited the appearance of glutathione S-transferase activity measured with metolachlor as substrate. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that antidotes confer protection against metolacholor injury in sorghum by inducing the de novo synthesis of glutathione S-transferase isozymes which catalyze the detoxification of the herbicide
ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.92.2.467