Influence of different carbon sources on bacterial cellulose production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain ATCC 53524

To determine the effect of carbon sources on cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain ATCC 53524, and to characterize the purity and structural features of the cellulose produced. Modified Hestrin Schramm medium containing the carbon sources mannitol, glucose, glycerol, fructose, sucro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied microbiology 2009-08, Vol.107 (2), p.576-583
Main Authors: Mikkelsen, D, Flanagan, B.M, Dykes, G.A, Gidley, M.J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bacterial cellulose
Biological and medical sciences
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbon - metabolism
Cellulose - chemistry
Cellulose - metabolism
Cellulose - ultrastructure
Colony Count, Microbial
Culture Media
Fermentation
Fructose
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Galactose
Gluconacetobacter xylinus
Gluconacetobacter xylinus - growth & development
Gluconacetobacter xylinus - metabolism
Glucose
Glycerol
Hestrin-Schramm medium
Mannitol
Microbiology
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
NMR spectroscopy
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
scanning electron microscopy
Sucrose
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Summary:To determine the effect of carbon sources on cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain ATCC 53524, and to characterize the purity and structural features of the cellulose produced. Modified Hestrin Schramm medium containing the carbon sources mannitol, glucose, glycerol, fructose, sucrose or galactose were inoculated with Ga. xylinus strain ATCC 53524. Plate counts indicated that all carbon sources supported growth of the strain. Sucrose and glycerol gave the highest cellulose yields of 3·83 and 3·75 g l⁻¹ respectively after 96 h fermentation, primarily due to a surge in cellulose production in the last 12 h. Mannitol, fructose or glucose resulted in consistent rates of cellulose production and yields of >2·5 g l⁻¹. Solid state ¹³C CP/MAS NMR revealed that irrespective of the carbon source, the cellulose produced by ATCC 53524 was pure and highly crystalline. Scanning electron micrographs illustrated the densely packed network of cellulose fibres within the pellicles and that the different carbon sources did not markedly alter the micro-architecture of the resulting cellulose pellicles. The production rate of bacterial cellulose by Ga. xylinus (ATCC 53524) was influenced by different carbon sources, but the product formed was indistinguishable in molecular and microscopic features. Our studies for the first time examined the influence of different carbon sources on the rate of cellulose production by Ga. xylinus ATCC 53524, and the molecular and microscopic features of the cellulose produced.
ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04226.x