Biodegradation of Oak (Quercus alba) Wood during Growth of the Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes):  A Molecular Approach

The chemical transformations that occur during growth of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) on oak (Quercus alba) were investigated to improve mushroom cultivation and utilization of the spent substrate. Oak logs were decayed by L. edodes over 8 years, during which time they were sampled at si...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003-02, Vol.51 (4), p.947-956
Main Authors: Vane, Christopher H, Drage, Trevor C, Snape, Colin E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
Carbon - analysis
Cellulose - analysis
Edible fungi production
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
General agronomy. Plant production
Hot Temperature
Lentinula edodes
Lignin - analysis
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Oxygen - analysis
Polysaccharides - analysis
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry
Quercus - chemistry
Quercus alba
Shiitake Mushrooms - growth & development
Shiitake Mushrooms - metabolism
Time Factors
Wood
Xylans - analysis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The chemical transformations that occur during growth of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) on oak (Quercus alba) were investigated to improve mushroom cultivation and utilization of the spent substrate. Oak logs were decayed by L. edodes over 8 years, during which time they were sampled at six intervals (30, 40, 66, 76, 77, and 101 months). Fresh and decayed oak samples were analyzed using solid-state 13C NMR and pyrolysis−gas chromatography−mass spectrometry as well as off-line thermochemolysis with tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Degraded oak exhibited lower carbon contents and increased oxygen content compared to the control. Solid-state 13C NMR analysis revealed that polysaccharides were the major component of both fresh and decayed oak but that L. edodes mediated the preferential loss of cellulose and xylans as compared to lignin, which remained in an altered form. Several trends point toward the degradation of lignin, including a decrease in the proportion of syringyl units as compared to guaiacyl units and a reduction in side-chain length. An increase in guaiacyl and syringyl acid-to-aldehyde ratios occurred with growth, which suggested that the fungus had caused oxidation of Cα−Cβ bonds. The overall effect of L. edodes on oak is similar to that of many white-rot fungi, which simultaneously degrade all cell wall components. Keywords: Lignin; polysaccharide; degradation; shiitake mushroom; Lentinula edodes; thermochemolysis, pyrolysis; solid-state 13C NMR; Quercus alba; oak
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf020932h