Herpes Simplex Virus Infection of Dendritic Cells: Balance among Activation, Inhibition, and Immunity

Several lines of evidence suggest that dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells known, play a role in the immunological control of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. HSV infection of DCs induced submaximal maturation, but DCs failed to mature further in response to lipopol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2003-01, Vol.187 (2), p.165-178
Main Authors: Pollara, Gabriele, Speidel, Katharina, Samady, Laila, Rajpopat, Mansi, McGrath, Yvonne, Ledermann, Jonathan, Coffin, Robert S., Katz, David R., Chain, Benjamin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Differentiation
Cell Size
Cell Survival
Cells, Cultured
Cultured cells
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Dendritic Cells - cytology
Dendritic Cells - immunology
Dendritic Cells - metabolism
Dendritic Cells - virology
Flow Cytometry
Gene Expression Regulation
HeLa Cells
Herpesvirus 1, Human - immunology
Herpesvirus 1, Human - physiology
Human herpesvirus 1
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Interleukin-12 - immunology
Interleukin-12 - secretion
Lipopolysaccharides - immunology
Lymphocyte Activation
Medical sciences
Secretion
Simplexvirus
T lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the nervous system
Viruses
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Summary:Several lines of evidence suggest that dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells known, play a role in the immunological control of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. HSV infection of DCs induced submaximal maturation, but DCs failed to mature further in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS induced interleukin (IL)–12 secretion, and the induction of primary and secondary T cell responses were impaired by infection. Ultimately, DC infection resulted in delayed, asynchronous apoptotic cell death. However, infected DCs induced HSV recall responses in some individuals. Furthermore, soluble factors secreted by DCs after infection induced DC maturation and primed for IL-12 secretion after LPS stimulation. These data support a pathogenetic model of HSV infection, in which initial delay in the generation of immune responses to HSV at peripheral sites is mediated by disruption of DC function but is overcome by bystander DC maturation and cross-presentation of HSV antigens
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/367675