Expression of IL-18 by SIV Does Not Modify the Outcome of the Antiviral Immune Response

Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by several cell types, including activated dendritic cells and macrophages, that acts in synergy with IL-12 as an important amplifying factor for IFN-γ production and Th1 development. To study the immunological and virological effects of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2002-11, Vol.303 (2), p.327-337
Main Authors: Giavedoni, Luis D., Velasquillo, M.Cristina, Parodi, Laura M., Hubbard, Gene B., Hodara, Vida L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
antibodies
CTL
cytokines
IL-18
immune response
Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis
Interleukin-18 - biosynthesis
live-attenuated virus
Macaca mulatta
proliferation
rhesus macaques
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - virology
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - isolation & purification
SIV
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - immunology
vaccine
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Summary:Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by several cell types, including activated dendritic cells and macrophages, that acts in synergy with IL-12 as an important amplifying factor for IFN-γ production and Th1 development. To study the immunological and virological effects of IL-18 expression in the context of a lentiviral infection, we inoculated rhesus macaques with a high dose of replication-competent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vectors carrying the rhesus IL-18 gene in the sense (SIV IL-18) or antisense (SIV FIGI) orientation. Both vectors behaved as attenuated viruses, resulting in low viral loads, induction of low and transient levels of inflammatory cytokines, no CD4 + T cell depletion, and mild activation of T lymphocytes. Although IL-18-expressing virus could be isolated from some SIV IL18-infected macaques for 12 weeks postinfection, the anti-SIV humoral and cellular immune responses of macaques inoculated with SIV IL18 and SIV FIGI were similar to each other, with the exception of an early IFN-γ response in animals infected with SIV IL18. In summary, expression of IL-18 during the acute phase of SIV infection does not increase viral replication or influence the outcome of the antiviral immune response.
ISSN:0042-6822
1096-0341
DOI:10.1006/viro.2002.1647