Analysis of Normal Epithelial Cell Specific-1 (NES1)/Kallikrein 10 mRNA Expression by in Situ Hybridization, a Novel Marker for Breast Cancer

Purpose: Normal epithelial cell specific-1 ( NES1 )/ kallikrein 10 gene is expressed in normal mammary and prostate epithelial cells, but the expression of NES1 mRNA and protein is markedly reduced in established breast and prostate cancer cell lines although the NES1 gene is intact. Here, we wished...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical cancer research 2001-11, Vol.7 (11), p.3393-3398
Main Authors: DHAR, Sanjay, BHARGAVA, Rohit, YUNES, Michael, BIAO LI, GOYAL, Jaya, NABER, Stephen P, WAZER, David E, BAND, Vimla
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis
Breast - metabolism
Breast - pathology
Breast Neoplasms - genetics
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Carcinoma in Situ - genetics
Carcinoma in Situ - pathology
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Hyperplasia - genetics
Hyperplasia - pathology
Kallikreins - genetics
Mammary gland diseases
Medical sciences
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Tumors
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Summary:Purpose: Normal epithelial cell specific-1 ( NES1 )/ kallikrein 10 gene is expressed in normal mammary and prostate epithelial cells, but the expression of NES1 mRNA and protein is markedly reduced in established breast and prostate cancer cell lines although the NES1 gene is intact. Here, we wished to assess whether NES1 expression is down-regulated in primary breast cancers. Experimental Design: We developed and used an in situ hybridization technique with an antisense NES1 probe to detect NES1 mRNA in sections of normal breast specimens, typical and atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ , and infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Results: All of the 30 normal breast specimens showed high NES1 expression. Notably, 18 (75%) of 24 typical and atypical breast hyperplasia specimens showed high NES1 expression, with weak-to-moderate expression in 6 (25%). Significantly, 13 (46%) of 28 ductal carcinoma in situ specimens lacked NES1 expression, and the remaining 15 (54%) showed weak-to-moderate expression. Finally, 29 of 30 (97%) infiltrating ductal carcinoma grades I-III samples lacked NES1 mRNA, with weak expression in the remaining one sample. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that NES1 mRNA is expressed in normal breast tissue and benign lesions, with loss of NES1 expression during tumor progression. We suggest that NES1 expression may serve as a molecular tool in the study of breast cancer progression. Studies with larger series of specimens should help assess whether NES1 expression can be a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker in breast and other cancers.
ISSN:1078-0432
1557-3265