Soluble Invertase Expression Is an Early Target of Drought Stress during the Critical, Abortion-Sensitive Phase of Young Ovary Development in Maize

To distinguish their roles in early kernel development and stress, expression of soluble (Ivr2) and insoluble (Incw2) acid invertases was analyzed in young ovaries of maize (Zea mays) from 6 d before (-6 d) to 7 d after pollination (+7 d) and in response to perturbation by drought stress treatments....

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Published in:Plant physiology (Bethesda) 2002-10, Vol.130 (2), p.591-604
Main Authors: Mathias Neumann Andersen, Folkard Asch, Wu, Yong, Christian Richardt Jensen, Henrik Næsted, Vagn Overgaard Mogensen, Karen Elaine Koch
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscisic Acid - metabolism
Acclimatization - genetics
Acclimatization - physiology
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
beta-Fructofuranosidase
Biological and medical sciences
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Cell walls
Corn
Disasters
Drought
Economic plant physiology
Environmental Stress and Adaptation
Fertility - genetics
Fertility - physiology
Flowers - enzymology
Flowers - genetics
Flowers - growth & development
Fructification and ripening
Fructification, ripening. Postharvest physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects
Glycoside Hydrolases - genetics
Glycoside Hydrolases - metabolism
Growth and development
Hexoses
Hexoses - metabolism
Messenger RNA
Ovaries
Plant physiology and development
Plants
Pollination
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Solubility
Starches
Sucrose - metabolism
Sugars
Time Factors
Vegetative and sexual reproduction, floral biology, fructification
Water - metabolism
Water - pharmacology
Zea mays - enzymology
Zea mays - genetics
Zea mays - growth & development
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Summary:To distinguish their roles in early kernel development and stress, expression of soluble (Ivr2) and insoluble (Incw2) acid invertases was analyzed in young ovaries of maize (Zea mays) from 6 d before (-6 d) to 7 d after pollination (+7 d) and in response to perturbation by drought stress treatments. The Ivr2 soluble invertase mRNA was more abundant than the Incw2 mRNA throughout pre- and early post-pollination development (peaking at +3 d). In contrast, Incw2 mRNAs increased only after pollination. Drought repression of the Ivr2 soluble invertase also preceded changes in Incw2, with soluble activity responding before pollination (-4 d). Distinct profiles of Ivr2 and Incw2 mRNAs correlated with respective enzyme activities and indicated separate roles for these invertases during ovary development and stress. In addition, the drought-induced decrease and developmental changes of ovary hexose to sucrose ratio correlated with activity of soluble but not insoluble invertase. Ovary abscisic acid levels were increased by severe drought only at -6 d and did not appear to directly affect Ivr2 expression. In situ analysis showed localized activity and Ivr2 mRNA for soluble invertase at sites of phloem-unloading and expanding maternal tissues (greatest in terminal vascular zones and nearby cells of pericarp, pedicel, and basal nucellus). This early pattern of maternal invertase localization is clearly distinct from the well-characterized association of insoluble invertase with the basal endosperm later in development. This localization, the shifts in endogenous hexose to sucrose environment, and the distinct timing of soluble and insoluble invertase expression during development and stress collectively indicate a key role and critical sensitivity of the Ivr2 soluble invertase gene during the early, abortion-susceptible phase of development.
ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.005637