Prevalence of antibodies against Saint Louis encephalitis and Jamestown Canyon viruses in California horses

Jamestown Canyon (JC) and Saint Louis encephalitis (SLE) viruses are mosquito-transmitted viruses that have long been present in California. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of these two viruses in horses prior to the introduction of West Nile (WN) virus. Approximately...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases microbiology and infectious diseases, 2004-05, Vol.27 (3), p.209-215
Main Authors: Nelson, Dana M, Gardner, Ian A, Chiles, Robert F, Balasuriya, Udeni B, Eldridge, Bruce F, Scott, Thomas W, Reisen, William K, James MacLachlan, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Arboviral encephalitis
Arboviroses
Arbovirus
Arboviruses
Biological and medical sciences
California - epidemiology
Chevaux
Encephalitis Virus, California - immunology
Encephalitis Virus, California - isolation & purification
Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis - immunology
Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis - isolation & purification
Encephalitis, St. Louis - epidemiology
Encephalitis, St. Louis - immunology
Encephalitis, St. Louis - veterinary
Encephalitis, St. Louis - virology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Horse Diseases - epidemiology
Horse Diseases - immunology
Horse Diseases - virology
Horses
Human viral diseases
Infectious diseases
Jamestown Canyon virus
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Neutralization Tests - veterinary
Polyomavirus Infections - epidemiology
Polyomavirus Infections - immunology
Polyomavirus Infections - veterinary
Polyomavirus Infections - virology
Saint Louis encephalitis virus
Seroepidemiologic Studies
St. Louis encephalitis virus
Surveys and Questionnaires
Tropical viral diseases
Tumor Virus Infections - epidemiology
Tumor Virus Infections - immunology
Tumor Virus Infections - veterinary
Tumor Virus Infections - virology
Viral diseases
Virus de Jamestown Canyon
Virus de l'encéphalite de Saint Louis
West Nile virus
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Summary:Jamestown Canyon (JC) and Saint Louis encephalitis (SLE) viruses are mosquito-transmitted viruses that have long been present in California. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of these two viruses in horses prior to the introduction of West Nile (WN) virus. Approximately 15% of serum samples collected in 1998 from 425 horses on 44 equine operations horses throughout California had serum antibodies to JC virus, whereas antibodies were not detected to SLE virus. The results indicate that horses in California were commonly infected prior to 1998 with mosquito-transmitted Bunyaviruses that are identical or closely related to JC virus, but not with SLE virus. The different seroprevalence of SLE and JC viruses in horses likely reflects the unique ecology of each virus, and it is predicted that WN virus will have a wider distribution in California than closely related SLE virus. Les virus de Jamestown Canyon (JC) et de l'encéphalite de Saint Louis (ESL) sont des virus transmis par des moustiques qui sont endémiques en Californie. L'objectif de la présente étude était de determiner la séroprévalence de ces deux virus chez les chevaux avant l'introduction du virus du Nil Occidental, aussi dénommé ‘West Nile’. Environ 15% des échantillons de sérum récoltés en 1998 sur 425 chevaux provenant de 44 établissements répartis sur l'ensemble de la Californie possèdaient des anticorps dirigés contre le virus JC, mais aucun anticorps ne fut détecté pour le virus ESL. Ces résultats indiquent clairement que les chevaux de Californie étaient fréquemment infectés avant 1998 par des Bunyavirus transmis par des moustiques qui sont identiques ou proches du virus JC, mais pas par le virus ESL. Les différences de séroprévalence entre les virus JC et ESL chez les chevaux illustrent l'écologie spécifique de chaque virus. On peut aussi prédire que le virus West Nile aura une plus large distribution en Californie que le virus ESL qui lui est proche phylogénétiquement.
ISSN:0147-9571
1878-1667
DOI:10.1016/j.cimid.2003.11.001