Molecular characterization, phylogeny, and expression of c-type and g-type lysozymes in brill ( Scophthalmus rhombus)

Lysozymes are key proteins of the innate immune system against bacterial infections. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of the c-type and g-type lysozymes in brill ( Scophthalmus rhombus). Catalytic and other conserved residues required for functionality were identifi...

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Published in:	Fish & shellfish immunology 2008-07, Vol.25 (1), p.57-65
Main Authors:	Jiménez-Cantizano, Rosa M., Infante, Carlos, Martin-Antonio, Beatriz, Ponce, Marian, Hachero, Ismael, Navas, Jose Ignacio, Manchado, Manuel
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Amino Acid Sequence Animals Brill c-Type Digestion Fish Diseases - enzymology Fish Diseases - microbiology Flatfish Flatfishes - genetics Flatfishes - metabolism g-Type Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - enzymology Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections - veterinary Innate immune system Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology Lysozyme Marine Molecular Sequence Data Muramidase - classification Muramidase - genetics Photobacterium - immunology Photobacterium damselae Phylogeny Scophthalmus rhombus Sequence Alignment
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Summary:	Lysozymes are key proteins of the innate immune system against bacterial infections. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of the c-type and g-type lysozymes in brill ( Scophthalmus rhombus). Catalytic and other conserved residues required for functionality were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct evolutionary histories for each lysozyme type. Expression profiles of both lysozyme genes were studied in juvenile tissues using a real-time PCR approach. c-Type lysozyme was expressed mainly in stomach and liver, whereas the g-type was detected in all tissues with highest mRNA levels observed in the spleen. Induction experiments revealed that g-type transcripts increased significantly in head kidney after lipopolysaccharide (25- and 23-fold at 12 and 24 h, respectively) and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (17-fold at 24 h) treatments. In contrast, no induction was observed for c-type lysozyme. All these data suggest that g-type lysozyme is involved in the response against bacterial infections, whereas c-type lysozyme may also play a role in digestion.
ISSN:	1050-4648 1095-9947