The hypocretin/orexin ligand–receptor system: implications for sleep and sleep disorders

The molecules originally described as the hypocretins and subsequently as the orexins were initially implicated in the control of food intake. Recent observations implicate this newly-described neurotransmitter system in the sleep disorder narcolepsy and, potentially, in the regulation of normal sle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in Neurosciences 2000-08, Vol.23 (8), p.359-365
Main Authors: Kilduff, Thomas S., Peyron, Christelle
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
arousal
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Chemistry - physiology
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Cells
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene expression
Humans
Hypocretin
hypocretins
Hypothalamus
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Ligands
Medical research
Molecular Sequence Data
Neuropeptide
Neuropeptides - genetics
Neuropeptides - metabolism
Neurotransmitter Agents - genetics
Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism
Neurotransmitters
Orexin
Orexins
Peptides
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Sleep
Sleep - physiology
Sleep disorders
Sleep Wake Disorders - physiopathology
Sleep. Vigilance
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Wakefulness
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Summary:The molecules originally described as the hypocretins and subsequently as the orexins were initially implicated in the control of food intake. Recent observations implicate this newly-described neurotransmitter system in the sleep disorder narcolepsy and, potentially, in the regulation of normal sleep processes. This article reviews the research that led to the isolation of the hypocretin/orexin peptides, their receptors and the activity of these molecules as we currently understand them. A model is proposed in which the cells that make these peptides might be involved in arousal state control.
ISSN:0166-2236
1878-108X
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01594-0