Organotypic cultures of gingival cells: an epithelial model to assess putative local effects of orthodontic plate and occlusal splint materials under more tissue-like conditions

This article explores whether organotypic cultures of immortalized gingival keratinocytes constitute a suitable model for assessing the epithelial cell compatibility of two groups of dental resins, each of them representing one group used in orthodontics and temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD) therap...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2000-08, Vol.21 (15), p.1549-1559
Main Authors: Tomakidi, P, Schuster, G, Breitkreutz, D, Kohl, A, Ottl, P, Komposch, G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acrylic Resins
Agar diffusion assay (ADA)
Animals
Bioassay
Biocompatibility
Biocompatible Materials
Cell culture
Cell Transformation, Viral
Cell- and tissue-compatibility
Epithelial differentiation
Fluorescence
Gingiva - cytology
Humans
Immunology
Keratinocytes - cytology
L Cells (Cell Line)
Mice
Occlusal Splints
Oncogene Proteins, Viral - genetics
Organ Culture Techniques - methods
Organotypic culture
Orthodontic Appliances
Papillomaviridae - genetics
Papillomavirus E7 Proteins
Proliferation
Repressor Proteins
Scanning electron microscopy
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Summary:This article explores whether organotypic cultures of immortalized gingival keratinocytes constitute a suitable model for assessing the epithelial cell compatibility of two groups of dental resins, each of them representing one group used in orthodontics and temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD) therapy under conditions more closely resembling the actual tissue situation. The resins were tested with the agar diffusion assay (ADA) in conventional monolayer and organotypic cultures. Compared to the control exhibiting a neutral red destaining index of 3, the index of 4 obtained after exposure of monolayers to one soft permanent resin (Durabase TM) indicated the presence of a non-lytic but physiologically active substance. In contrast, the adaptation of the ADA to organotypic cultures revealed no apparent lesions at the epithelial surface by performing scanning electron microscopy, while histoarchitecture indicated the development of stratified surface epithelia. This was substantiated by undamaged cells in the uppermost cell layers and by the preservation of cell-to-cell contacts. Furthermore, indirect immunofluorescence for Ki-67 and the cytokeratins ck14 and ck4 revealed that cell proliferation and epithelial structure were maintained, while differentiation was enhanced, possibly increasing epithelial resistance. The results obtained from the organotypic cultures suggest that (i) cell-affecting effects of materials visible in monolayer cultures may not be seen in epithelia resembling that in vivo and that (ii) enhanced differentiation may be associated with increased stability of the epithelial cells. Thus, organotypic cultures of gingival cells constitute a tissue model allowing short-term tissue compatibility studies of dental materials and rendering a potential candidate also for long-term studies.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00037-5