Epizootiological investigations of canine distemper virus in free-ranging carnivores from Germany

Canine distemper virus (CDV) infects a broad range of carnivores. To assess whether wild carnivores may play a role in the epidemiology of CDV in domestic dogs in Germany, the seroprevalence of CDV was determined. In sera from red foxes (30 of 591 (5%)) and stone martens (2 of 10 (20%)) antiviral an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary microbiology 2000-06, Vol.74 (4), p.283-292
Main Authors: Frölich, Kai, Czupalla, Oliver, Haas, Ludwig, Hentschke, Jochen, Dedek, Justus, Fickel, Jörns
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Animal viral diseases
Animals
Animals, Wild
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Canine distemper virus
Carnivora
Distemper - epidemiology
Distemper - transmission
Distemper - virology
Distemper Virus, Canine - classification
Distemper Virus, Canine - isolation & purification
Distemper Virus, Canine - pathogenicity
DNA Primers - chemistry
DNA, Viral - chemistry
Dogs
Foxes
Free-ranging carnivores
Germany
Germany - epidemiology
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Molecular Sequence Data
Neutralization Tests - veterinary
Phylogeny
Raccoons
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
RNA, Viral - chemistry
RNA, Viral - isolation & purification
Sequence Alignment
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence comparison
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Seroepizootiology
Viral diseases
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Summary:Canine distemper virus (CDV) infects a broad range of carnivores. To assess whether wild carnivores may play a role in the epidemiology of CDV in domestic dogs in Germany, the seroprevalence of CDV was determined. In sera from red foxes (30 of 591 (5%)) and stone martens (2 of 10 (20%)) antiviral antibodies were detected using a neutralization assay, whereas sera of raccoons, two mink, one pine marten and one raccoon dog were negative. In foxes, there was a significantly higher prevalence in urban and suburban compared to rural regions. When testing lung and spleen tissue samples (fox, badger, stone marten, polecat, raccoon dog) 13 of 253 (5.1%) foxes, 2 of 13 (15.4%) stone martens and 2 of 6 (33%) badgers were virus positive using RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of the F gene revealed a distinct relatedness to canine CDV isolates. Together, the data support the concept of transmission of CDV between domestic dogs and wild carnivores.
ISSN:0378-1135
1873-2542
DOI:10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00192-9