Elucidation of antibiotic effectiveness against Staphylococcus epidermidis during intraocular lens implantation

The effect of various antimicrobial agents commonly used in irrigating solutions on the hydrophobicity and adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990 was investigated. The longest post-antibiotic effect (PAE=3.2 h) was obtained with gentamicin followed by ciprofloxacin (2.7 h), clindamycin (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of antimicrobial agents 2001-07, Vol.18 (1), p.55-59
Main Authors: Kadry, Ashraf A, Tawfik, Abdel-Kader F, Abu El-Asrar, Ahmed A, Shibl, Atef M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adherence
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects
Biological and medical sciences
Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology
Clindamycin - pharmacology
Conjunctiva - microbiology
Endophthalmitis - prevention & control
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
Gentamicins - pharmacology
Humans
Hydrophobicity
Intraocular lens
Lens Implantation, Intraocular
Lenses, Intraocular - microbiology
Medical sciences
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Post-antibiotic effect
Postoperative Complications - prevention & control
S. epidermidis
Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus epidermidis - drug effects
Staphylococcus epidermidis - physiology
Vancomycin - pharmacology
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Summary:The effect of various antimicrobial agents commonly used in irrigating solutions on the hydrophobicity and adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990 was investigated. The longest post-antibiotic effect (PAE=3.2 h) was obtained with gentamicin followed by ciprofloxacin (2.7 h), clindamycin (2.2 h), ceftazidime (1.8 h) and vancomycin (1.6 h). The post-antibiotic effect on surface hydrophobicity of cells previously treated with gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, or clindamycin for 120 min resulted in a substantial decrease in affinities to hexadecane (31.4, 28.5 and 27%, respectively) compared with control untreated cells. Less effect was noted with cells previously treated with ceftazidime or vancomycin (20.5 and 15.8%, respectively). Similar but less marked results were obtained when the cells were exposed to antibiotics for 30 or 60 min. The post-antibiotic effect on adherence of cells to both intraocular lenses and to epithelial cells showed that adherence to lenses decreased as the time of exposure to antimicrobial agents increased. Adherence was greatly diminished with cells treated with gentamicin or ciprofloxacin compared with control untreated cells. Adherence was less affected by clindamycin, ceftazidime and vancomycin. The data supported the use of antimicrobial agents in irrigating solution during intraocular surgery, since, reduced adherence (colonization) and might result in a lower incidence of endophthalmitis.
ISSN:0924-8579
1872-7913
DOI:10.1016/S0924-8579(01)00338-7