Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women

Dietary carbohydrates may influence the development of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes, for example, through effects on blood glucose and insulin concentrations. We examined the relations of baseline intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, dietary magnesium, and carbohydrate-rich foods and t...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2000-04, Vol.71 (4), p.921-930
Main Authors: MEYER, K. A, KUSHI, L. H, JACOBS, D. R, SLAVIN, J, SELLERS, T. A, FOLSOM, A. R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aging
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Body Constitution
Body Mass Index
Carbohydrates
Cohort Studies
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage
Edible Grain
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance
Female
Fruit
Humans
Iowa
Magnesium - administration & dosage
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Vegetables
Women
Women's Health
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Dietary carbohydrates may influence the development of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes, for example, through effects on blood glucose and insulin concentrations. We examined the relations of baseline intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, dietary magnesium, and carbohydrate-rich foods and the glycemic index with incidence of diabetes. This was a prospective cohort study of 35988 older Iowa women initially free of diabetes. During 6 y of follow-up, 1141 incident cases of diabetes were reported. Total grain, whole-grain, total dietary fiber, cereal fiber, and dietary magnesium intakes showed strong inverse associations with incidence of diabetes after adjustment for potential nondietary confounding variables. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks of diabetes were 1.0, 0.99, 0.98, 0.92, and 0.79 (P for trend: 0.0089) across quintiles of whole-grain intake; 1.0, 1.09, 1.00, 0.94, and 0.78 (P for trend: 0.005) across quintiles of total dietary fiber intake; and 1.0, 0.81, 0.82, 0.81, and 0.67 (P for trend: 0.0003) across quintiles of dietary magnesium intake. Intakes of total carbohydrates, refined grains, fruit and vegetables, and soluble fiber and the glycemic index were unrelated to diabetes risk. These data support a protective role for grains (particularly whole grains), cereal fiber, and dietary magnesium in the development of diabetes in older women.
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.1093/ajcn/71.4.921