Mammalian selenium-containing proteins

Mammalian selenium-containing proteins can be divided into three groups: proteins containing nonspecifically incorporated selenium, specific selenium-binding proteins, and specific selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins. Selenoproteins with known functions identified so far include five glutathion...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of nutrition 2001-01, Vol.21, p.453-473
Main Authors: BEHNE, Dietrich, KYRIAKOPOULOS, Antonios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Carrier Proteins
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glutathione Peroxidase - physiology
Humans
Iodide Peroxidase - physiology
Metalloproteins
Other metalloproteins
Proteins
Proteins - chemistry
Proteins - physiology
Selenium - analysis
Selenium-Binding Proteins
Selenoprotein P
Selenoprotein W
Selenoproteins
Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase - physiology
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Summary:Mammalian selenium-containing proteins can be divided into three groups: proteins containing nonspecifically incorporated selenium, specific selenium-binding proteins, and specific selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins. Selenoproteins with known functions identified so far include five glutathione peroxidases, two deiodinases, several thioredoxin reductases, and selenophosphate synthetase 2. Alternative splicing leads to a greater variety of selenoproteins, as was shown in the cases of a specific sperm nuclei glutathione peroxidase and some thioredoxin reductases. Selenoprotein P, selenoprotein W, a 15-kDa selenoprotein, an 18-kDa selenoprotein, and several selenoproteins identified in silico from nucleotide sequence databases were found to contain selenocysteine but their functions are not known. Gel electrophoretic separation of tissue samples from rats labeled in vivo with (75)Se showed the existence of further selenium-containing proteins.
ISSN:0199-9885
1545-4312
DOI:10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.453