Twenty-two year (1975 to 1997) trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term case fatality rates from initial q-wave and non-q-wave myocardial infarction: a multi-hospital, community-wide perspective

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine long-term trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term mortality patterns in patients with an initial non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (NQWMI) as compared with those with an initial Q-wave myocardial infarction (QWMI). BACKGROUND Limited data ar...

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Published in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2001-05, Vol.37 (6), p.1571-1580
Main Authors: Furman, Mark I, Dauerman, Harold L, Goldberg, Robert J, Yarzbeski, Jorge, Lessard, Darleen, Gore, Joel M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Analysis of Variance
Angina, Unstable - diagnosis
Angina, Unstable - mortality
Angina, Unstable - therapy
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiology. Vascular system
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)
Coronary heart disease
Electrocardiography
Female
Heart
Hospital Mortality - trends
Humans
Incidence
Male
Massachusetts - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis
Myocardial Infarction - mortality
Myocardial Infarction - therapy
Odds Ratio
Population Surveillance
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Survival Analysis
Time Factors
Urban Health - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine long-term trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term mortality patterns in patients with an initial non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (NQWMI) as compared with those with an initial Q-wave myocardial infarction (QWMI). BACKGROUND Limited data are available describing trends in the incidence and mortality from an initial QWMI and NQWMI from a multi-hospital community-wide perspective. METHODS Our study was an observational study of 5,832 metropolitan Worcester, Massachusetts residents (1990 census = 437,000) hospitalized with validated initial acute MI in all greater Worcester hospitals during 11 annual periods between 1975 and 1997. RESULTS The incidence of QWMI progressively decreased between 1975/78 (incidence rate = 171/100,000 population) and 1997 (101/100,000 population). In contrast, the incidence of NQWMI progressively increased between 1975/78 (62/100,000 population) and 1997 (131/100,000 population). Hospital death rates were 19.5% for patients with QWMI and 12.5% for those with NQWMI. After controlling for various covariates, patients with QWMI remained at significantly increased risk for hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 1.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.35, 1.97). While the hospital mortality of QWMI has progressively declined over time (1975/78 = 24%; 1997 = 14%), the in-hospital mortality for NQWMI has remained the same (1975/78 = 12%; 1997 = 12%). These trends remained after adjusting for potentially confounding prognostic factors. The multivariable adjusted two-year mortality after hospital discharge declined over time for patients with QWMI and NQWMI. CONCLUSIONS Despite impressive declines in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term mortality associated with QWMI, NQWMI is increasing in frequency and has the same in-hospital mortality now as it did 22 years ago.
ISSN:0735-1097
1558-3597
DOI:10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01203-7