Severe Encephalitis in Cynomolgus Macaques Exposed to Aerosolized Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus

Cynomolgus macaques exposed to an aerosol containing a virulent strain of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus developed neurological signs indicating encephalitis that corresponded with the onset of fever and an elevated heart rate. Viremia was either transient or undetectable even in animals th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2007-08, Vol.196 (3), p.441-450
Main Authors: Reed, Douglas S., Lackemeyer, Matthew G., Garza, Nicole L., Norris, Sarah, Gamble, Scott, Sullivan, Lawrence J., Lind, Cathleen M., Raymond, Jo Lynne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Body temperature
Cynomolgus
Disease Models, Animal
Dosage
Eastern equine encephalitis virus
Eastern equine encephalomyelitis
Encephalitis
Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine - physiology
Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine - pathology
Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine - virology
Female
Fever
Fever - virology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart rate
Infections
Macaca
Macaca fascicularis - virology
Male
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
Time Factors
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:Cynomolgus macaques exposed to an aerosol containing a virulent strain of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus developed neurological signs indicating encephalitis that corresponded with the onset of fever and an elevated heart rate. Viremia was either transient or undetectable even in animals that succumbed to the illness. The onset of illness was dose dependent, but once a febrile response was observed, macaques were moribund within 36 h. Simultaneously, a prominent leukocytosis was seen; 1 day before being moribund, macaques had a white blood cell count >20,000 cellsĪ¼L. The leukocytes were predominantly granulocytes. Increases in serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, sodium, and alkaline phosphatase were also seen. The rapid onset and severity of neurological signs mirror what has been reported for human cases of disease caused by EEE.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/519391