Serum paraoxonase is reduced in type 1 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic, first degree relatives; influence on the ability of HDL to protect LDL from oxidation

Paraoxonase is a serum enzyme with an anti-oxidant function, protecting low density lipoproteins (LDL) from oxidative modifications. Diabetic patients are suggested to be at greater risk of oxidative stress, which may contribute to the significantly higher incidence of vascular disease in this popul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atherosclerosis 2001-03, Vol.155 (1), p.229-235
Main Authors: Boemi, Massimo, Leviev, Ilia, Sirolla, Cristina, Pieri, Carlo, Marra, Maurizio, James, Richard W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Alleles
Antioxidants - metabolism
Apolipoproteins B - blood
Aryldialkylphosphatase
Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research)
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Cardiology. Vascular system
Cholesterol, LDL - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - genetics
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - metabolism
Esterases - blood
Esterases - genetics
Esterases - physiology
Female
Genotype
Genotypes
HDL
Humans
LDL
Lipoproteins, HDL - metabolism
Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism
Male
Medical sciences
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative stress
Polymorphism, Genetic
Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics
Vascular disease
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Summary:Paraoxonase is a serum enzyme with an anti-oxidant function, protecting low density lipoproteins (LDL) from oxidative modifications. Diabetic patients are suggested to be at greater risk of oxidative stress, which may contribute to the significantly higher incidence of vascular disease in this population. Less efficient protection mechanisms may be one feature of the greater susceptibility to oxidation in diabetes. In this context, the present study examined the hypothesis that serum paraoxonase is reduced in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and that the reduction can affect the anti-oxidant capacity of HDL. Serum paraoxonase concentrations and activities were compared in type 1 patients and first degree, non-diabetic relatives with particular attention paid to the confounding effects of paraoxonase gene polymorphisms. In addition, the ability of HDL-paraoxonase to protect low density lipoproteins from oxidation was analysed in an in vitro system. Serum concentrations and enzyme activities of paraoxonase were significantly lower in type 1 patients compared to non-diabetic, first degree relatives. The differences were independent of promoter and coding region polymorphisms, which influence serum concentrations and activities of the enzyme. Overall, paraoxonase concentrations were a mean 13.3±4.5% lower ( P
ISSN:0021-9150
1879-1484
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00556-6