Immunohistochemical expression and colocalization of somatostatin, carboxypeptidase-E and prohormone convertases 1 and 2 in rat brain

Abstract The processing of many peptides for their maturation in target tissue depends upon the presence of sorting receptor. Several previous studies have predicted that carboxypeptidase-E (CPE), prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) and prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) may function as sorting elements for so...

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Published in:Neuroscience 2007-06, Vol.147 (2), p.403-418
Main Authors: Billova, S, Galanopoulou, A.S, Seidah, N.G, Qiu, X, Kumar, U
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actins - metabolism
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Blotting, Western
Brain - anatomy & histology
Brain Chemistry - physiology
Carboxypeptidase H - metabolism
carboxypeptidase-E
Cerebral Cortex - enzymology
Cerebral Cortex - metabolism
Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hippocampus - enzymology
Hippocampus - metabolism
Immunohistochemistry
Male
Neostriatum - enzymology
Neostriatum - metabolism
Neurology
prohormone convertase
Proprotein Convertase 1 - metabolism
Proprotein Convertase 2 - metabolism
prosomatostatin
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
regulatory secretory pathway
Somatostatin - metabolism
sorting receptor
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
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Summary:Abstract The processing of many peptides for their maturation in target tissue depends upon the presence of sorting receptor. Several previous studies have predicted that carboxypeptidase-E (CPE), prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) and prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) may function as sorting elements for somatostatin (SST) for its maturation and processing to appropriate targets. However, nothing is currently known about whether brain, neuronal culture or even endocrine cells express SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 and exhibit colocalization. Accordingly, in the present study using peroxidase immunohistochemistry, double-labeled indirect immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, we mapped the distributional pattern of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 in different rat brain regions. Additionally, we also determined the colocalization of SST with CPE, PC1 and PC2 as well as colocalization of CPE with PC1 and PC2. The localization of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 reveals a distinct and region specific distribution pattern in the rat brain. Using an indirect double-label immunofluorescence method we observed selective neuron specific colocalization in a region specific manner in cortex, striatum and hippocampus. These studies provide the first evidence for colocalization between SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 as well as CPE with PC1 and PC2. SST in cerebral cortex colocalized in pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons with CPE, PC1 and PC2. Most importantly, in striatum and hippocampus colocalization was mostly observed selectively and preferentially in interneurons. CPE is also colocalized with PC1 and PC2 in a region specific manner. The data presented here provide a new insight into the distribution and colocalization of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 in rat brain. Taken together, our data anticipate the possibility that CPE, PC1 and PC2 might be potential target for the maturation of SST.
ISSN:0306-4522
1873-7544
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.04.039