Parvovirus B19 may have a role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of human parvovirus B19 infection in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by detection of specific IgM, IgG, and viral DNA. METHODS: Serum samples of 50 patients with diagnosis of JIA and 39 healthy controls were analyzed by ELISA to detect IgG and...

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Published in:Journal of rheumatology 2007-06, Vol.34 (6), p.1336-1340
Main Authors: GONZALEZ, Benito, LARRANAGA, Carmen, LEON, Oscar, DIAZ, Patricia, MIRANDA, Marta, BARRIA, Marcelo, GAGGERO, Aldo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Arthritis, Juvenile - physiopathology
Arthritis, Juvenile - virology
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Diseases of the osteoarticular system
DNA, Viral - blood
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Infant
Inflammatory joint diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Parvoviridae Infections - complications
Parvoviridae Infections - epidemiology
Parvoviridae Infections - immunology
Parvovirus B19, Human - genetics
Parvovirus B19, Human - immunology
Prevalence
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Summary:OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of human parvovirus B19 infection in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by detection of specific IgM, IgG, and viral DNA. METHODS: Serum samples of 50 patients with diagnosis of JIA and 39 healthy controls were analyzed by ELISA to detect IgG and IgM anti-B19-specific antibodies. The parvovirus B19 genome was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The average age of the patients was 9.6 years (2-14 yrs); 30 were female (60%) and 20 male (40%). The definitive diagnoses of these patients corresponded to 19 systemic forms (38%), 11 to the oligoarticular variety (22%) and 20 to the polyarticular (40%). The average age of the control group was 7.8 years (2-16 yrs); the distribution by sex was 25 females (64%) and 14 males (36%). RESULTS: IgM against parvovirus B19 was detected in 20% of the cases (10 patients) and B19 DNA genome by PCR in 48% (24 patients); in 10% of the cases (5 patients), both markers were detected. IgG was found in 32% (16 patients). In the control group neither IgM nor the viral genome was detected. However, 43.5% of the controls (17/39) had IgG against parvovirus B19, indicating past infection by the virus. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms recent observations regarding a high prevalence of viral DNA in JIA patients and a possible role of this viral infection in JIA pathogenesis.
ISSN:0315-162X
1499-2752