A randomized prospective study on the use of 2 g-IVIG or 1 g-IVIG as therapy for Kawasaki disease

A single, 2 g/kg dose of immune globulin (IG), denoted 2 g-intravenous (IV)IG, has become a standard regimen for treating Kawasaki disease (KD) because of its highly preventive effect on coronary arterial lesions (CAL). However, IG is obtained from blood specimens, a drawback to many patients, and i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of pediatrics 2007-06, Vol.166 (6), p.565-571
Main Authors: SAKATA, Koichi, HAMAOKA, Kenji, YAMAMOTO, Toru, HORII, Yoshihiro, KIDO, Sachiko, OZAWA, Sei-Ichiro, NIBOSHI, Ayumi, YOSHIHARA, Takao, NISHIKI, Tesuo, NAKAGAWA, Yumi, KAZUTA, Kikuko, MORIMOTO, Yoshiko, KAMIYA, Yasutaka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aspirin
Biological and medical sciences
Body temperature
Child
Child, Preschool
Coronary Disease - etiology
Coronary Disease - prevention & control
Coronary vessels
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Fees, Pharmaceutical
Female
General aspects
Humans
Illnesses
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous - administration & dosage
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous - economics
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous - therapeutic use
Infant
Kawasaki disease
Male
Medical sciences
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome - complications
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome - drug therapy
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome - physiopathology
Prospective Studies
Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis
Working groups
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Summary:A single, 2 g/kg dose of immune globulin (IG), denoted 2 g-intravenous (IV)IG, has become a standard regimen for treating Kawasaki disease (KD) because of its highly preventive effect on coronary arterial lesions (CAL). However, IG is obtained from blood specimens, a drawback to many patients, and is also very expensive. This randomized prospective study reported here was carried out with the aim of developing a treatment regimen that would reduce the total dose of IG. The study tested two protocols (A: 2 g-IVIG; B: 1 g-IVIG) that included the strategy of administering additional IVIG to IVIG-resistant patients based on the criteria we described previously. In protocol A, an additional 2 g-IVIG was administered only once; in protocol B, the first additional IVIG was 1 g-IVIG and the second was 2 g-IVIG. One hundred and nine patients who were admitted before the seventh day of illness and had no CAL at the time of admission were enrolled in the study (protocol A: 54 patients; B: 55 patients). In the protocol A group, 7.4% (4/54) of the patients received 4 g/kg IG. In protocol B, 41.8% (23/55) were treated only with 1 g/kg IG, and 10.9% (6/55) received 4 g/kg IG. No significant differences were observed between the patients of the two subgroups receiving 4 g/kg IG in each protocol group. Discriminate analysis also suggested that 52.4% of the patients in the protocol A group could be treated only with 1 g/kg IG. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of aneurysms between patients in the protocol A group (1/54) and those in the protocol B group (4/55). Our protocol based on 1 g-IVIG, including additional IVIG, was assessed to be an effective treatment and to provide a considerably useful means to reduce the total dose of IG.
ISSN:0340-6199
1432-1076
DOI:10.1007/s00431-006-0280-3