Trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) isolated from aquatic animals

Most of the available animal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been tested against bacteria and fungi, but very few against protozoan parasites. In the present study, we investigated the antiparasitic activity of different AMPs isolated from aquatic animals: tachyplesin (Tach, from Tachypleus tride...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental parasitology 2008-02, Vol.118 (2), p.197-202
Main Authors: Löfgren, S.E., Miletti, L.C., Steindel, M., Bachère, E., Barracco, M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide
ALF
AMP
Animal antimicrobial peptides
Animals
anti-lipopolysaccharide factor
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - pharmacology
antimicrobial peptide
Antiparasitic activity
Antiprotozoal Agents - pharmacology
Arthropod Proteins
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Proteins - pharmacology
Clav
clavanin
DNA-Binding Proteins - pharmacology
FBS
Fetal Blood - immunology
fetal bovine serum
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hemolysis
Horseshoe Crabs - chemistry
Humans
Invertebrate Hormones - pharmacology
LD 50
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania braziliensis - drug effects
lethal dose for 50% of parasites
Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis
Litopenaeus vannamei
Mag
magainin
Magainins - pharmacology
Marine
MIC
minimum inhibitory concentration
MTT
Myt
mytilin
Mytilus edulis
Mytilus edulis - chemistry
Pen
Penaeidae - chemistry
penaeidin
Penaeus monodon
Peptides - pharmacology
Peptides, Cyclic - pharmacology
Protozoa
RBC
red blood cells
Styela clava
Tach
tachyplesin
Tachypleus tridentatus
Trypanocidal Agents - pharmacology
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma cruzi - drug effects
Urochordata - chemistry
Xenopus laevis
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Summary:Most of the available animal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been tested against bacteria and fungi, but very few against protozoan parasites. In the present study, we investigated the antiparasitic activity of different AMPs isolated from aquatic animals: tachyplesin (Tach, from Tachypleus tridentatus), magainin (Mag, from Xenopus laevis), clavanin (Clav, from Styela clava), penaeidin (Pen, from Litopenaeus vannamei), mytilin (Myt, from Mytilus edulis) and anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF, from Penaeus monodon). The antiparasitic activity was evaluated against the promastigote form of Leishmania braziliensis and epi and trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, through the MTT method. Tach was the most potent peptide, killing completely L. braziliensis and trypomastigote T. cruzi from 12.5 μM, whereas Pen and Clav were weakly active against trypomastigotes and Myt against L. braziliensis, only at a high concentration (100 μM). Tach and Mag were markedly hemolytic at high concentrations, whereas the other peptides caused only a slight hemolysis (
ISSN:0014-4894
1090-2449
DOI:10.1016/j.exppara.2007.07.011