The effect of compressive force applied to the intervertebral disc in vivo : A study of proteoglycans and collagen

Coil springs were stretched and attached to produce a compressive force across the lumbar intervertebral discs of dogs for up to 27 weeks. To test the hypothesis that a high compressive force applied over a period of time affects the production of proteoglycans and collagen by the intervertebral dis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Spine (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976) Pa. 1976), 1998-12, Vol.23 (23), p.2524-2537
Main Authors: HUTTON, W. C, TORIBATAKE, Y, ELMER, W. A, GANEY, T. M, TOMITA, K, WHITESIDES, T. E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggrecans
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans - metabolism
Chondroitin Sulfates - metabolism
Collagen - metabolism
Dogs
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Extracellular Matrix Proteins
Glycoproteins - metabolism
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Intervertebral Disc - metabolism
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Lectins, C-Type
Lumbar Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging
Lumbar Vertebrae - metabolism
Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery
Male
Medical sciences
Osteoarticular system. Muscles
Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques
Proteoglycans
Radiography
Spinal Diseases - etiology
Spinal Diseases - metabolism
Stress, Mechanical
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Summary:Coil springs were stretched and attached to produce a compressive force across the lumbar intervertebral discs of dogs for up to 27 weeks. To test the hypothesis that a high compressive force applied over a period of time affects the production of proteoglycans and collagen by the intervertebral disc cells. It is a commonly held belief that high forces applied to the intervertebral disc, and to joints in general, play a role in causing degeneration. Pairs of stainless steel coil springs were stretched and attached to produce a compressive force across the lumbar intervertebral discs (L1-L2 and L3-L4) of 16 dogs. Dogs were killed between 13 and 27 weeks after the springs were attached. The discs (L1-L2 and L3-L4) were excised and assessed using immunohistochemical analyses and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; T13-L1 and L4-L5 were used as controls. The main result relates to a group effect in the six dogs, assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, that were generally at the highest values of force for the greatest number of weeks. For the nucleus, but not the anulus, Spearman rank correlations revealed a strong correlation between increases in force and force-weeks (force multiplied by number of weeks) and increases in collagen type I accompanied by decreases in proteoglycans, chondroitin sulfate, and collagen type II for both experimental discs (L1-L2 and L3-L4), as compared with corresponding values in the controls (T13-L1 and L4-L5). In other words, as either the force or the force-weeks increased, the effect on the nucleus became greater. A high compressive force applied to the disc over a period of time initiates changes in proteoglycans and collagen.
ISSN:0362-2436
1528-1159
DOI:10.1097/00007632-199812010-00007