Effects of megestrol acetate and testosterone on body composition in castrated male Sprague-Dawley rats

The interrelationships among sex hormones, caloric intake, and intermediary metabolism in health and disease are uncertain. Studies in malnourished patients with AIDS and cancer show that megestrol acetate (MA) therapy increases appetite, body weight, and body fat, while it decreases serum testoster...

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Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 1999-06, Vol.15 (6), p.465-473
Main Authors: Engelson, Ellen S, Pi-Sunyer, F.Xavier, Kotler, Donald P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Animals
Antineoplastic agents
Biological and medical sciences
body composition
Body Composition - drug effects
Body Weight - drug effects
Castration
Chemotherapy
Drug Implants
Eating - drug effects
Energy Metabolism
food efficiency
food intake
Male
Medical sciences
megestrol acetate
Megestrol Acetate - administration & dosage
Megestrol Acetate - pharmacology
P-ratio
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Placebos
Proteins - metabolism
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Regression Analysis
steroid hormones
testosterone
Testosterone - administration & dosage
Testosterone - blood
Testosterone - pharmacology
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Summary:The interrelationships among sex hormones, caloric intake, and intermediary metabolism in health and disease are uncertain. Studies in malnourished patients with AIDS and cancer show that megestrol acetate (MA) therapy increases appetite, body weight, and body fat, while it decreases serum testosterone (T) concentration. In this study, the separate and combined effects of MA and T were investigated in 65 young adult, male, castrated, Sprague-Dawley rats who received subcutaneous implants containing placebo, MA, T, or both MA and T for 11 wk. By hierarchical multiple regression analysis, MA therapy decreased weight gain and food intake ( P < 0.01), increased body fat ( P = 0.024), decreased body protein ( P < 0.001), and decreased the portion of calories accrued as protein rather than fat (P ratio, P < 0.03). T alone decreased fat ( P < 0.03), but had no significant effect on food intake, the relative number of consumed calories utilized for growth (food efficiency), body weight, or protein. The interaction of MA and T did not affect food intake or food efficiency, but increased body weight ( P < 0.02), protein ( P < 0.05) and the P ratio ( P < 0.02). The portion of weight gain as fat was reduced from 47.3% with MA alone to 27.4% when MA and T were combined. Thus, megestrol acetate has significant antianabolic effects that are independent of its effects upon food intake. The addition of testosterone to megestrol acetate partially antagonized MA’s inhibition of lean mass accretion in these rats.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/S0899-9007(99)00053-2