Changes in vascular and cardiac function after prolonged strenuous exercise in humans

1 Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool; 2 School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds; 3 Center for Sports Medicine and Human Performance, Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom; 4 School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, Wolv...

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Published in:Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2008-11, Vol.105 (5), p.1562-1568
Main Authors: Dawson, Ellen A, Whyte, Greg P, Black, Mark A, Jones, Helen, Hopkins, Nicola, Oxborough, David, Gaze, David, Shave, Rob E, Wilson, Mat, George, Keith P, Green, Daniel J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Flow Velocity
Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging
Brachial Artery - physiology
Cells
DNA damage
Echocardiography, Doppler
Exercise
Femoral Artery - diagnostic imaging
Femoral Artery - physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart
Humans
Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
Male
Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism
Physical Exertion
Regional Blood Flow
Running
Studies
Time Factors
Troponin I - blood
Vasodilation
Ventricular Function, Left
Young Adult
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Summary:1 Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool; 2 School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds; 3 Center for Sports Medicine and Human Performance, Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom; 4 School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, Wolverhampton University, Walsall; and 5 School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia Submitted 30 June 2008 ; accepted in final form 20 August 2008 Prolonged exercise has been shown to result in an acute depression in cardiac function. However, little is known about the effect of this type of exercise on vascular function. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of an acute bout of prolonged strenuous exercise on vascular and cardiac function and the appearance of biomarkers of cardiomyocyte damage in 15 male (32 ± 10 yr) nonelite runners. The subjects were tested on two occasions, the day before and within an hour of finishing the London marathon (229 ± 38 min). Function of the brachial and femoral arteries was determined using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac strain, strain rate, tissue velocities, and flow velocities during diastole and systole were also obtained. Venous blood samples were taken for later assessment of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a biomarker of cardiomyocyte damage. Completion of the marathon resulted in a depression in femoral ( P = 0.04), but not brachial ( P = 0.96), artery FMD. There was no change, pre- vs. postmarathon, in vascular shear, indicating that the impaired femoral artery function was not related to hemodynamic changes. The ratio of peak early to atrial radial strain rate, a measure of left ventricular diastolic function, was reduced postmarathon ( P = 0.006). Postrace cTnI was elevated in 12 of 13 runners, with levels above the recognized clinical threshold for damage in 7 of these. In conclusion, when taken together, these data suggest a transient depression in cardiac and leg vascular function following prolonged intensive exercise. cardiovascular; exercise; marathon; ultrasound; troponins Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: E. A. Dawson, Research Inst. for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores Univ., 15-21 Webster St., Liverpool L3 2ET, UK (e-mail: e.dawson{at}ljmu.ac.uk )
ISSN:8750-7587
1522-1601
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.90837.2008