Direct Enhancement of the Phagocytic and Bactericidal Capability of Abdominal Macrophage of Chicks by β-1,3–1,6-Glucan

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the major zoonotic and intracellular pathogen. Different strategies have been developed to prevent the S. Enteritidis infection. The β-1,3–1,6-glucan of Schizophyllum commune was used as an immunological booster to determine the minimal dietary level of β-g...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Poultry science 2008-11, Vol.87 (11), p.2242-2249
Main Authors: Chen, K.-L., Weng, B.-C., Chang, M.-T., Liao, Y.-H., Chen, T.-T., Chu, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Basophils - drug effects
Basophils - immunology
beta-Glucans - administration & dosage
beta-Glucans - pharmacology
Blood Proteins - drug effects
Blood Proteins - metabolism
Bursa of Fabricius - drug effects
Bursa of Fabricius - immunology
Chickens - physiology
Dietary Supplements
Glucans - pharmacology
Immunoglobulin A - blood
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Immunoglobulins - blood
Intestines
Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects
Macrophages, Peritoneal - immunology
Macrophages, Peritoneal - microbiology
Phagocytosis - drug effects
Salmonella enteritidis - isolation & purification
Salmonella enteritidis - pathogenicity
Thymus Gland - drug effects
Thymus Gland - immunology
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Summary:Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the major zoonotic and intracellular pathogen. Different strategies have been developed to prevent the S. Enteritidis infection. The β-1,3–1,6-glucan of Schizophyllum commune was used as an immunological booster to determine the minimal dietary level of β-glucan that would restrict S. Enteritidis infection through the effects of β-glucan on the activity of macrophages and direct physical protection of the intestine. One-day-old male Single Comb White Leghorn chicks were used in all trials. In trials 1 and 2, the 0.1% β-1,3–1,6-glucan treatment completely eliminated the viable S. Enteritidis from spleen and liver in an oral challenge of 108 S. Enteritidis without any harmful effect on BW, serum proteins, and immunoglobulin. Instead of a 21-d feeding period of β-glucan, a 14-d treatment was enough to eliminate the S. Enteritidis in spleen and liver. In trial 3, an increase in the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and phytohemagglutinin-P-inducing cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity was observed (P < 0.05). In trials 2, 3, and 4, the direct or indirect effect of β-1,3–1,6-glucan on abdominal macrophages was examined. Sterilized 3% Sephadex G-50 was injected to induce abdominal (peritoneal) phagocytes in chicks fed with or without 0.1% β-1,3–1,6-glucan. Significantly increased phagocytic and bactericidal capability to S. Enteritidis was found in abdominal macrophages either pretreated or in vitro treated with 0.1% β-1,3–1,6-glucan. In conclusion, in addition to the physical properties to block S. Enteritidis entrance, 0.1% dietary β-1,3–1,6-glucan may enhance the host defense to S. Enteritidis by directly upregulating the phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of abdominal macrophages in chicks.
ISSN:0032-5791
1525-3171
DOI:10.3382/ps.2008-00147