LEOPARD Syndrome: What Are Café Noir Spots?

:  Lentigines, electrocardiographic abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retarded growth, and deafness syndrome (multiple lentigines syndrome) is most often characterized by multiple lentigines and cardiac conduction defects. Café noir spot is a term p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric dermatology 2008-07, Vol.25 (4), p.444-448
Main Author: RODRIGUEZ BUJALDON, Alfonso
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Complex syndromes
Dermatology
Female
Humans
Lentigo - pathology
LEOPARD Syndrome - pathology
Male
Medical genetics
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Nevus, Pigmented - pathology
Skin - pathology
Skin Pigmentation
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Summary::  Lentigines, electrocardiographic abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retarded growth, and deafness syndrome (multiple lentigines syndrome) is most often characterized by multiple lentigines and cardiac conduction defects. Café noir spot is a term proposed, by analogy to café au lait spots, for the larger and darkly pigmented patches that are frequently observed in patients with this syndrome. Although presumed by some authors to represent lentigines, the histologic features of café noir spots have not been well documented in the literature. Only two previous cases have been reported in which a biopsy of the café noir spots than melanocytic nevi. We describe the histologic characteristics of seven café noir spots in six patients with lentigines, electrocardiographic abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retarded growth, and deafness syndrome. Three lesions represented melanocytic nevi (one with dysplastic features), and four were compatible with lentigo simplex. These findings help our understanding of the histologic spectrum of pigmented lesions in lentigines, electrocardiographic abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retarded growth, and deafness syndrome.
ISSN:0736-8046
1525-1470
DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2008.00734.x