IL-10 as a mediator in the HPA axis and brain

Certain functional interactions between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems are mediated by cytokines. The pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were among the first to be recognized in this regard. A modulator of these cytokines, IL-10, has been sho...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroimmunology 1999-12, Vol.100 (1), p.140-148
Main Authors: Smith, Eric M, Cadet, Patrick, Stefano, George B, Opp, Mark R, Hughes, Thomas K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology
Animals
Base Sequence
Brain - immunology
Brain - metabolism
Cells, Cultured
Cytokines
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Humans
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - immunology
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - metabolism
Interferon-gamma - metabolism
Interleukin-10 - immunology
Interleukin-10 - metabolism
Interleukin-10 - pharmacology
Lymphocytes
Mice
Models, Biological
Molecular Sequence Data
Neuroendocrine hormones
Neuroimmunomodulation
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Pituitary
Pituitary-Adrenal System - immunology
Pituitary-Adrenal System - metabolism
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Spleen - metabolism
Temperature
Tissue Distribution
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Certain functional interactions between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems are mediated by cytokines. The pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were among the first to be recognized in this regard. A modulator of these cytokines, IL-10, has been shown to have a wide range of activities in the immune system; in this review, we describe its production and actions in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. IL-10 is produced in pituitary, hypothalamic, and neural tissues in addition to lymphocytes. IL-10 enhances corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and corticotropin (ACTH) production in hypothalamic and pituitary tissues, respectively. Further downstream in the HPA axis endogenous IL-10 has the potential to contribute to regulation of glucocorticosteroid production both tonically and following stressors. Our studies and those of others reviewed here indicate that IL-10 may be an important endogenous regulator in HPA axis activity and in CNS pathologies such as multiple sclerosis. Thus, in addition to its more widely recognized role in immunity, IL-10's neuroendocrine activities described here point to its role as an important regulator in communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.
ISSN:0165-5728
1872-8421
DOI:10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00206-4