Molecular characterization of three non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus)

Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) exhibits a genotype-dependent loss of gametophytic self-incompatibility that is caused by the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes with disrupted pistil component (stylar-S) and/or pollen component (pollen-S) function. Genetic studies using diverse sour...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant molecular biology 2006-10, Vol.62 (3), p.371-383
Main Authors: Tsukamoto, T, Hauck, N.R, Tao, R, Jiang, N, Iezzoni, A.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Amino Acid Sequence
Base Sequence
DNA Primers
Genetics
Haplotypes
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutation
Prunus - genetics
Prunus avium
Prunus cerasus
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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Summary:Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) exhibits a genotype-dependent loss of gametophytic self-incompatibility that is caused by the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes with disrupted pistil component (stylar-S) and/or pollen component (pollen-S) function. Genetic studies using diverse sour cherry germplasm identified non-functional S-haplotypes for which an equivalent wild-type S-haplotype was present in sweet cherry (Prunus avium), a diploid progenitor of sour cherry. In all cases, the non-functional S-haplotype resulted from mutations affecting the stylar component S-RNase or Prunus pollen component S-haplotype-specific F-box protein (SFB). This study determines the molecular bases of three of these S-haplotypes that confer unilateral incompatibility, two stylar-part mutants (S 6m2 and S 13m ) and one pollen-part mutant (S 13 '). Compared to their wild-type alleles, S 6m2 -RNase has a 1 bp deletion, S 13m -RNase has a 23 bp deletion and SFB 13 ' has a 1 bp substitution that lead to premature stop codons. Transcripts were identified for these three alleles, S 6m2 -RNase, S 13m -RNase, and SFB 13 ', however, these transcripts presumably result in altered proteins with a resulting loss of activity. Our characterization of natural pollen-part and stylar-part mutants in sour cherry along with other natural S-haplotype mutants identified in Prunus supports the view that loss of pollen specificity and stylar rejection evolve independently and are caused by structural alterations affecting the S-haplotype. The prevalence of non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry but not in sweet cherry (a diploid) suggests that polyploidization and gene duplication were indirectly responsible for the dysfunction of some S-haplotypes and the emergence of self-compatibility in sour cherry. This resembles the specific mode of evolution in yeast where accelerated evolution occurred to one member of the duplicated gene pair.
ISSN:0167-4412
1573-5028
DOI:10.1007/s11103-006-9026-x