Formulation with CpG ODN enhances antibody responses to an equine influenza virus vaccine

Previous studies have shown that protection against equine influenza virus (EIV) is partially mediated by virus-specific IgGa and IgGb. In this study we tested whether addition of a CpG ODN formulation to a commercial killed virus vaccine would enhance EIV-specific IgGa and IgGb antibody responses,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2006-11, Vol.114 (1), p.103-110
Main Authors: Lopez, A.M., Hecker, R., Mutwiri, G., van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, S., Babiuk, L.A., Townsend, H.G.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvant
Adjuvants, Immunologic - therapeutic use
Animals
antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Body Temperature - immunology
Cough - veterinary
CpG Islands - immunology
CpG ODN
disease course
disease incidence
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary
Equine influenza virus
Hemolysis - immunology
horse diseases
Horse Diseases - immunology
Horse Diseases - prevention & control
Horse Diseases - virology
Horses
immune response
immunity
immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - blood
inactivated vaccines
Influenza A virus
Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype - immunology
Influenza Vaccines - immunology
Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use
molecular sequence data
nucleotide sequences
oligodeoxynucleotide motifs
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - immunology
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - immunology
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - prevention & control
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary
Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology
signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
vaccination
Vaccination - methods
Vaccination - veterinary
vaccine adjuvants
Vaccines, Inactivated - immunology
Vaccines, Inactivated - therapeutic use
vertebrate viruses
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Summary:Previous studies have shown that protection against equine influenza virus (EIV) is partially mediated by virus-specific IgGa and IgGb. In this study we tested whether addition of a CpG ODN formulation to a commercial killed virus vaccine would enhance EIV-specific IgGa and IgGb antibody responses, and improve protection against an experimental EIV challenge. Thirty naïve horses were assigned to one of three groups and vaccinated as follows: 10 were given vaccine (Encevac TC4, Intervet Inc.) alone, 10 were given vaccine plus 0.25 mg CpG ODN 2007 formulated with 30% Emulsigen (CpG/Em), and 10 controls were given saline. All horses were challenged with live virus 12 weeks after the final vaccination. Antibody responses were tested by single radial hemolysis (SRH) and ELISA, and protection was evaluated by determination of temperature, coughing, and clinical scores. Killed virus vaccine combined with CpG/Em induced significantly greater serologic responses than did the vaccine alone. All antibody isotypes tested increased after the addition of CpG/Em, although no shift in relative antibody isotypes concentrations was detected. Vaccination significantly improved protection against challenge but the differences between the two vaccine groups were not statistically significant. This study is the first demonstration that CpG/Em enhances antigen-specific antibody responses in horses and supports its potential to be used as an adjuvant for vaccines against equine infections.
ISSN:0165-2427
1873-2534
1365-2567
DOI:10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.07.013