Adipose tissue as a secretory organ: from adipogenesis to the metabolic syndrome

Adipose tissue contains various types of cells that include preadipocytes and adipocytes. Studies have emphasized that ( i) preadipocytes secrete factors involved in their own differentiation and ( ii) adipocytes acquire the ability to communicate systemically with other organs (brain, liver, skelet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comptes rendus. Biologies 2006-08, Vol.329 (8), p.570-577
Main Author: Ailhaud, Gérard
Format: Article
Language:eng ; fre
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipocytes - physiology
Adiponectin - physiology
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - cytology
Adipose Tissue - physiology
Adipose Tissue - physiopathology
Angiotensinogen - physiology
Cell Communication
Endocrine organ
Humans
Leptin - physiology
Macrophages - cytology
Macrophages - physiology
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology
Organe endocrine
Preadipocytes
Produits de sécrétion
Préadipocytes
Secretory products
Syndrome métabolique
Tissu adipeux
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Summary:Adipose tissue contains various types of cells that include preadipocytes and adipocytes. Studies have emphasized that ( i) preadipocytes secrete factors involved in their own differentiation and ( ii) adipocytes acquire the ability to communicate systemically with other organs (brain, liver, skeletal muscle) and locally with other cells (preadipocytes, endothelial cells and monocytes/macrophages). Adipocytes secrete proteins exhibiting either beneficial (leptin, adiponectin) or deleterious effects (angiotensinogen). Associated to the effect of secretory products from macrophages (cytokines), a disturbance in the balance between these various secreted factors leads to the development of a metabolic syndrome. To cite this article: G. Ailhaud, C. R. Biologies 329 (2006). Au cours de la dernière décennie, les études ont montré que les préadipocytes secrètent des facteurs participant à leur propre différenciation. Les adipocytes ainsi formés acquièrent la capacité de communiquer soit par la voie systémique avec d'autres organes (cerveau, foie, muscle squelettique) soit localement avec d'autres cellules (préadipocytes, cellules endothéliales, monocytes/macrophages). Ils sécrètent de nombreuses protéines excerçant des effets soit bénéfiques (leptine, adiponectine) soit délétères (angiotensinogène). Associés à l'effet de produits de sécretion des macrophages environnants (cytokines), un déséquilibre entre ces divers facteurs sécrétés conduit à l'établissement d'un syndrome métabolique. Pour citer cet article : G. Ailhaud, C. R. Biologies 329 (2006).
ISSN:1631-0691
1768-3238
1768-3238
DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2005.12.012