Malignant transformation of intra-cranial epithelial cysts : systematic article review

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts are among the most benign intra cranial tumors. Their malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma is rare. The authors reviewed the literature. MEDLINE and SCIENCE DIRECT searches, and examination of the references in the selected articles yielded 74 patients,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuro-oncology 2005-09, Vol.74 (2), p.187-194
Main Authors: HAMLAT, Abderrahmane, HUA, Zhi-Fen, SAIKALI, Stephan, LAURENT, Jean Francois, GEDOUIN, Daniel, BEN-HASSEL, Mohamed, GUEGAN, Yvon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Diseases - pathology
Brain Diseases - therapy
Brain Neoplasms - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Epidermal Cyst - pathology
Epidermal Cyst - therapy
Humans
Medical sciences
Neurology
Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses
Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system
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Summary:Epidermoid and dermoid cysts are among the most benign intra cranial tumors. Their malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma is rare. The authors reviewed the literature. MEDLINE and SCIENCE DIRECT searches, and examination of the references in the selected articles yielded 74 patients, 52 of whom fulfilled Garcia's criteria and were selected for the study. Survival analyses were performed to determine whether survival differences were of statistical significance, and P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Malignant transformation is characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms, recurrence, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC), and tumor enhancement at Computed Tomography Scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (87.8 showed this radiological feature). In this review, the SCCs were classified in five groups: (1) Initial malignant transformation of a benign cyst; (2) malignant transformation from a remnant cyst; (3) malignant transformation of a dermoid and epithelial cyst; (4) malignant transformation with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis; (5) other malignancies arising from benign cysts. The median survival was 9 months. Statistics show that LC was of poor prognosis and radiotherapy, although not statistically significant, seems effective against such lesions, with a median survival of 26 months as opposed to 3 months (P=0.077). Although rare, malignant transformation of intracranial epithelial cysts has a poor prognosis and surgery followed by radiotherapy seems to be the best therapeutic modality.
ISSN:0167-594X
1573-7373
DOI:10.1007/s11060-004-5175-4